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一个跨海飞行超过4200公里,由绘画女蝶

Tomasz Suchan¹, Clément P Bataille², Megan S Reich³

¹W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.

Nature communications

|June 25, 2024

概括

长距离的昆虫迁徙被低估了. 范妮莎·卡迪蝶实现了一次经过验证的跨大西洋航行,从非洲到南美洲旅行超过4200公里,可能起源于欧洲.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
生物地理学是生物地理学.
昆虫学昆虫学是一门学科.

背景情况:

空中昆虫迁徙的全球范围和生态影响由于方法上的局限性,人们对其了解甚少.
跨洋昆虫的分散是全球生态系统中一个重要的,但被低估的现象.

研究的目的:

为了记录和验证长途跨大西洋昆虫穿越.
调查跨洋旅程中的昆虫的迁徙途径和起源.

主要方法:

采用了一种综合性方法,结合了现场调查,风向轨迹建模,基因组学,花粉元编码,生态利基建模和多同位素地理定位.
分析了Vanessa cardui蝶的跨大西洋迁徙和出生起源的证据.

主要成果:

记录了Vanessa cardui蝶从西非到南美 (法属圭亚那) 的跨大西洋航行,至少在5-8天内跨越4200公里.
推断出西欧的潜在出生起源,这表明一个超过7000公里的迁徙路线 (欧洲-非洲-南美).
旅程的能量可行性被证实是以风为辅助,排名在记录中最长的单个昆虫迁徙中.

结论:

这项研究介绍了第一次经过验证的跨大西洋昆虫穿越,挑战了关于昆虫散播能力的先前假设.
这些发现突显了风向在促进远距离昆虫迁徙方面发挥的关键作用,并表明低估了跨洋传播.
强调空中通道的重要性,如贸易风,在连接大陆的昆虫种群.

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