一个回顾性研究深度学习概括在两个中心和多个模型的X射线设备使用COVID-19胸部X射线X射线
Pablo Menéndez Fernández-Miranda1,2, Enrique Marqués Fraguela3, Marta Álvarez de Linera-Alperi4
1Departamento de Radiología, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Gladiolo, s/n, 28933, Móstoles, Spain.
医疗诊断的深度学习概括受到X射线设备差异的阻碍,特别是响应函数类型. 解决这些因素是可靠的计算机辅助诊断系统的关键.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 深度学习 (DL) 概括对于临床计算机辅助诊断 (CADx) 是至关重要的.
- 在机器学习应用中,DL模型的广泛泛化仍然是一个重大挑战.
- 影响DL网络验证和通用化的因素需要彻底调查.
研究的目的:
- 识别和分析影响DL网络在医学成像中的泛化因素.
- 调查图像源机构,X射线设备处理和响应函数类型对DL模型性能的影响.
- 为了评估预训练的卷积神经网络 (CNN) 的概括能力,用于COVID-19胸部X射线图分类.
主要方法:
- 使用预训练的VGG16卷积神经网络 (CNN).
- 用两个机构和三个不同的X射线设备制造商的数据对CNN进行了三次相同的超参数训练.
- 对CNN提取的特征进行了聚类分析,以评估设备特定的依赖性.
主要成果:
- 外部机构数据没有影响内部性能;不同制造商的设备将性能降低了高达8%.
- 在具有相似响应功能的机构和设备之间实现了泛化,但在具有不同响应功能的设备之间没有实现.
- 设备响应功能类型是概括的主要障碍,其次是图像处理和机构间的差异.
结论:
- X射线设备的特性,特别是响应功能的类型,显著影响DL模型的概括.
- 机构间的差异和设备图像处理也阻碍了概括性能.
- 通过CNN提取的特征显示出对用于图像采集的X射线设备的强烈依赖.
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