使用参数统计和机器学习模型从瘤动态指标预测整体存活率:适用于RET改变的固体瘤患者
Erick Velasquez1, Nastya Kassir1, Sravanthi Cheeti1
1Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States.
Frontiers in artificial intelligence
|June 26, 2024
概括
本研究引入了一种机器学习 (ML) 模型,用于预测癌症患者的整体存活率 (OS). 全瘤方法有效地预测了各种固体瘤中的OS,优于传统方法.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 机器学习在医学中的应用
- 药学指标 (Pharmacometrics) 是一个指标.
背景情况:
- 参数模型是预测瘤药物开发中的整体存活率 (OS) 的标准,但依赖于特定疾病的瘤动态-存活联系.
- 这种特定于疾病的假设在药物开发中带来了挑战,特别是对于新型瘤类型的有限数据.
- 现有的模型与缺乏针对特定瘤指示的广泛历史数据的场景作斗争.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种泛适应性,瘤类型独立的机器学习 (ML) 方法来预测整体存活率 (OS).
- 为了同时利用瘤收缩率,瘤再生率和瘤生长时间来预测OS.
- 将拟议的ML模型的性能与瘤药物开发中的传统参数模型进行比较.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种机器学习 (ML) 模型,整合了三个关键的瘤动态指标:收缩率,再生率和瘤生长的时间.
- 应用ML模型以泛指示的方式,独立于特定的瘤类型,以预测整体存活率 (OS).
- 根据癌症患者的临床试验数据验证了ML模型,这些癌症患者接受了氨酸激酶抑制剂pralsetinib的治疗.
主要成果:
- 拟议的ML方法证明了在各种固体瘤中对患者的生存状况的充分预测,包括非小细胞肺癌和髓性甲状腺癌.
- 该ML模型在预测RET改变的固体瘤中的OS中被证明是有效的,在现实世界的临床试验环境中展示了它的实用性.
- 对比显示,在这种情况下,ML模型的性能优于OS预测的传统参数模型.
结论:
- 使用多个瘤动态指标的泛指示固体瘤ML模型可以有效地预测整体存活率 (OS),无论瘤类型如何.
- 这种ML方法为传统的参数模型提供了一个有希望的替代方案,特别是在药物开发场景中,瘤特异性数据有限.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以评估这种ML模型在更广泛的固体瘤类型中具有普遍性和稳定性.
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