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练习闭式与开放式技能练习对注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 患者执行功能的影响 - 一个元分析和系统审查

Chunyue Qiu¹, Qun Zhai¹, Shuangru Chen¹

¹Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao SAR, China.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 26, 2024

概括

运动干预措施,特别是开放技能活动,显著提高了注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 患者的抑制控制和认知灵活性等执行功能. 建议进行为期12周的计划,每周至少两次进行中高强度运动.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
运动科学运动科学运动科学
心理学心理学心理学

背景情况:

之前的研究指出,在典型的发育儿童中,通过闭式 vs 开放式技能练习,执行功能得到了各种改善.
关于注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 患者在运动干预方面执行功能存在有限的研究.

研究的目的:

系统地审查和元分析闭门和开放技能练习对ADHD个体执行功能的影响.

主要方法:

一个系统的审查和元分析,遵循PRISMA指南.
在七个数据库中搜索了2013年至2023年间发表的研究.
分析了来自11个随机对照试验 (RCT) 和3个非随机研究 (NRS) 的数据,其中包括578名ADHD参与者.

主要成果:

在ADHD患者中,封闭技能运动显著改善了抑制控制 (SMD = -1.00),认知灵活性 (SMD = -1.33) 和工作记忆 (SMD = -0.85).
在ADHD患者中,开放技能运动对抑制控制 (SMD = -1.98) 和认知灵活性 (SMD = -0.97) 有积极的影响.
与对照组相比,这两种运动类型都改善了执行功能,开放技能练习显示出更好的效果 (Qb = 6.26).

结论:

对于ADHD个体,建议进行12周的干预周期,每周至少进行两次中等或更高强度的运动.
鼓励ADHD患者参与各种运动技能的练习.

关键词:

注意力缺陷障碍与多动症.认知灵活性认知灵活性抑制控制的抑制控制进行元分析.工作记忆工作记忆

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