身体活动水平对认知表现的影响:对葡萄牙青少年的研究
Ana Rodrigues1,2, Hélio Antunes1, Bebiana Sabino3,4
1Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2024
概括
青少年的认知表现在整个学年都得到了改善. 充满活力的体力活动和年龄是影响这些认知收益的关键因素,突出了运动对发展大脑的重要性.
科学领域:
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 身体活动 (PA) 提供了公认的健康益处,但其对青少年认知表现 (CP) 的具体影响仍在争论中.
- 了解PA特征与认知发展之间的关系对于这个年龄组至关重要.
- 青春期是认知成熟的关键时期,受到各种生活方式因素的影响.
研究的目的:
- 检查学年青少年认知表现 (CP) 的变化.
- 确定定期体力活动 (PA) 水平对CP的演变的影响.
- 为了确定可能增强青少年认知发展的特定PA特征.
主要方法:
- 366名青少年 (12至20岁) 参与了这项研究,在学年开始和结束时进行了评估.
- 通过面对面的采访,使用认知电话查仪器测量认知表现 (CP).
- 使用加速度计 (ActiGraph GT3X+) 客观量化体力活动 (PA).
主要成果:
- 认知表现 (CP) 从初始评估到最终评估显著改善 (平均增加2.65分,p < 0.001).
- 多重线性回归表明,年龄较大 (ß = -0.332) 和高强度体力活动 (PA) (ß = 0.283) 显著预测了CP (∆CP) 的变化.
- 年龄和充满活力的PA共同解释了学年认知表现变化的17.2%的差异.
结论:
- 青少年的认知表现在学年期间显著改善.
- 参与高强度的体力活动与青春期认知表现的改善有关.
- 发育阶段 (年龄) 和参加剧烈运动都是影响青少年认知能力增长的关键因素.
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