精英 CrossFit 运动员的身体和生理特征
Bram Sauvé1, Magnus Haugan1, Gøran Paulsen1,2
1Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Sognsveien 220, 0863 Oslo, Norway.
精英CrossFit运动员的身体和生理特征与世界一流的高山运动员相似. 这项研究揭示了精英越野运动员具有更高的无氧功率和更低的体脂,与精英高山运动员的力量和有氧能力相似.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
背景情况:
- 有限的研究存在于精英CrossFit运动员的身体和生理资料.
- 了解这些特征对于优化培训和绩效至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查和详细介绍国际水平的CrossFit运动员的身体和生理属性.
- 为了将这些特征与精英登山者的特征进行比较.
主要方法:
- 十九名精英CrossFit运动员 (8名男性,11名女性) 进行了评估,包括最大氧气消耗 (VO2max),Wingate无氧测试,1RM,反运动跳跃 (CMJ),下肢力量速度和DXA身体组成.
- 结果与16名精英登山者 (8名男性,8名女性) 进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 与高山运动员相比,CrossFit运动员的平均无氧功率和较低的身体功率输出显著更高.
- 越野健身运动员也表现出较低的脂肪质量和百分比.
- 在绝对或相对VO2max (男性) 或1RM和CMJ (两性) 中没有发现显著差异. 越野健身运动的女性比登山运动的女性相对VO2max更高.
结论:
- 精英CrossFit运动员具有独特的生理特征,其特点是高无氧能力和功率,再加上减少体脂.
- 他们的身体属性与精英登山者相当,这表明在高水平的运动表现中存在重叠的需求或适应.
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