衰老对跨模式注意力转换的影响
Ludivine A P Schils1, Iring Koch2, Pi-Chun Huang3
1Institute of Psychology, RWTH Aachen University, Jägerstraße 17-19, 52066, Aachen, Germany. ludivine.schils@psych.rwth-aachen.de.
Psychological research
|June 26, 2024
概括
老年人显示在跨模式注意力转换中混合成本增加,表明一般任务管理困难,而不是特定的跨模式障碍. 这会影响在视觉和听觉任务之间切换时的性能.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人类因素 人类因素
背景情况:
- 交叉模式的注意力切换涉及在感官模式之间转移焦点.
- 之前的研究表明,当目标模式发生变化时,性能成本会发生变化.
- 与年龄相关的认知变化可能会影响注意力转换能力.
研究的目的:
- 调查跨模式注意力转换中的与年龄相关的差异.
- 为了确定老年人与年轻人相比,是否表现出更高的注意力转换成本.
- 检查模式重复和混合对不同年龄组注意力成本的影响.
主要方法:
- 参与者:年轻 (19-30岁) 和年长 (64-80岁) 的成年人 (n=42个组).
- 任务:响应单模中央线索和双模横向刺激,指示相关模式中的目标位置.
- 措施:分析了注意力转换成本,混合成本和跨模式一致性效应.
主要成果:
- 在两个年龄组中都观察到一般注意力转换成本.
- 没有发现特定注意力转换成本与年龄相关的显著增加.
- 年长的成年人表现出更高的混合成本,这表明他们难以维持多个任务.
- 存在一种交叉模式一致性效应,在老年人中略大一些.
结论:
- 与年龄相关的混合成本增加,而不是切换成本,表明在管理并发任务方面存在更广泛的挑战.
- 老年人没有表现出跨模式注意力转换本身的特定障碍.
- 研究结果强调了认知控制和任务管理的年龄相关差异,而不是特定模式的注意力缺陷.
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