了解认知负载在准医疗环境中的作用:系统性审查
Jasmine S Zaphir1, Karen A Murphy1, Alex J MacQuarrie2
1School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia.
Prehospital emergency care
|June 26, 2024
概括
护理人员的高认知负载会影响任务性能和安全. 了解影响认知负载的因素,如任务复杂性和经验,可以改善紧急医疗服务 (EMS) 临床医生的工作条件和患者护理.
科学领域:
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 认知负载,对工作记忆的需求,极大地影响任务性能.
- 在护理和急救医疗服务 (EMS) 中,过度的认知负载对患者和人员的安全构成风险.
- 在这个高风险领域,全面了解认知负载是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合现有的关于认知负载在准医疗环境中的作用的文献.
- 确定影响认知负载的因素及其对EMS临床表现的影响.
主要方法:
- 在五个主要数据库 (Embase,ProQuest Psychology,CINAHL,Medline,PsychINFO) 进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括全文,同行评审的实证研究,重点关注认知负载和EMS工作.
- 使用GRADE框架进行质量评估,并对25篇纳入的文章进行数据综合.
主要成果:
- 确定了10个关键类别的发现,包括临床表现,认知过程,情绪反应和任务复杂性.
- 确认了对影响认知负载的因素的协议:认知过程,任务复杂性,体力劳动,经验,多重负载和设备.
- 揭示了认知负载和情绪之间的双向关系,在生理反应上有不同的发现.
结论:
- 诸如认知过程,任务复杂性和经验等因素显著影响医护人员的认知负载.
- 认知负载直接影响临床表现,并与情绪状态有复杂的相互作用.
- 调查结果表明,管理认知负载的干预点可以提高EMS临床医生的表现和患者安全.
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