创伤性脑损伤和精神病特征之间的关联在涉及司法的青少年中
Michaela M Milillo1,2, Craig S Neumann3, J Michael Maurer4
1The Mind Research Network, 1101 Yale Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA. mmilillo@unm.edu.
Research on child and adolescent psychopathology
|June 26, 2024
概括
在司法涉及的年轻人中,创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 与更高的精神病特征有关. 认知缺陷和物质使用调解了这种关联,表明了潜在的治疗目标.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 法医心理学 法医心理学
背景情况:
- 创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 是一个重要的公共卫生问题,特别普遍存在于涉及司法的人群中.
- 儿童TBI与不良结果相关,包括物质使用,犯罪行为和神经认知障碍,反映了年轻人具有精神病特征的结果.
- 由于正在进行的神经生物学和社会发展,在司法系统中了解青少年的TBI-精神病症联系至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 与司法涉及的男性青少年中精神病特征之间的关联.
- 检查认知功能 (IQ) 和物质使用在TBI和精神病之间的关系中的调解作用.
主要方法:
- 评估了来自少年司法机构的263名男性青少年的样本.
- 结构方程建模 (SEM) 用于测试跨TBI状态的精神病特征测量不变性.
- SEM分析了TBI变量 (严重程度,数量,第一个TBI的年龄),精神病,智商,物质使用和内化精神病理学之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 有创伤病史的青少年表现出更高水平的情感和冲动性生活方式精神病特征.
- 创伤严重程度与较低的智商有关,这反过来又与生活方式/反社会精神病特征的增加有关 (因素2).
- 较高的TBI总数与增加的物质使用相关,这与人际关系/情感 (1因素) 和2因素的精神病特征有关.
结论:
- 创伤性脑损伤与司法涉及的年轻人的精神病特征有显著的关联.
- 认知障碍和物质使用似乎是TBI-精神病症关系的关键调解者.
- 解决认知缺陷和物质使用可能为涉及司法的青少年提供可行的治疗途径,这些青少年患有TBI和精神病特征.
相关概念视频
01:24Antisocial Personality Disorder
46
Antisocial personality disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent patterns of disregard for the rights and well-being of others. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder exhibit behaviors that include deceitfulness, impulsivity, irresponsibility, aggression, and a profound lack of empathy. These traits often manifest early in life and persist into adulthood, leading to significant personal, social, and legal consequences.
Behavioral Characteristics and...
Behavioral Characteristics and...
46
01:18Cognitive Development During Adolescence
52
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
52
02:04Bullying
8.4K
A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is...
8.4K
01:28Conduct Disorder
31
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
31
01:27Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
31
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
31
02:34Empathy
9.6K
Some researchers suggest that altruism operates on empathy. Empathy is the capacity to understand another person’s perspective, to feel what he or she feels. An empathetic person makes an emotional connection with others and feels compelled to help (Batson, 1991). Empathy can be expressed in several ways, including cognitive, affective, and motor.
9.6K