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自闭症谱系障碍和神经类型发育的儿童和青少年之间的平衡和运动技能差异
Paloma Martín-Díaz1, Alicia Cuesta-Gómez2, Pilar Fernádez-González2
1International PhD School, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
概括
与神经类型发育 (NTD) 儿童相比,患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童在平衡和运动技能方面表现出显著的差异. 这些发现突出了ASD运动困难的特定领域.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 发动机控制器的控制器
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种影响社会互动和沟通的神经发育状况.
- 动力技能缺陷和平衡障碍在患有自闭症儿童中经常被观察到,但需要进一步调查.
- 了解这些差异对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较ASD儿童和神经类型发育 (NTD) 个体之间的平衡,姿势控制和运动技能.
- 确定ASD儿童中最受影响的特定运动技能.
- 检查ASD组中不同运动评估分数之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及100名参与者 (50名ASD,50名NTD) 的横截面观察性研究.
- 使用了定时启动和启动 (TUG) 测试,Bruininks-Oseretsky运动能力测试 (SFBOT-2) 和儿科平衡量级 (PBS).
- 进行了统计分析,以比较群体并评估相关性.
主要成果:
- 在TUG,SFBOT-2 (标准和总分) 和PBS分数 (p < 0.01) 中,ASD和NTD组之间发现了显著的差异.
- 在ASD中最受影响的运动技能包括力量,手工敏捷性,跑步速度/敏捷性,精细运动精度,精细运动整合和平衡.
- 保持单脚支,双手放在部上,是最具特色的平衡任务.
- TUG和SFBOT-2,PBS和TUG之间的相关性很差;SFBOT-2和PBS之间发现了中等的相关性.
结论:
- 与NTD同龄人相比,患有ASD的儿童在运动技能和静态和动态平衡方面表现出显著的缺陷.
- 特定的运动技能领域,如力量,灵敏度和平衡,在ASD干预中需要注意.
- 评估工具之间的各种相关性表明,ASD中的运动挑战的复杂相互作用.
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