医学教育中观察到的评估中的偏见:一个广泛的综述
概括
医学教育评估可能会显示对边缘化群体的偏见. 这次审查发现,除了性别,种族和种族之外,关于社会身份特征 (SIDCs) 的研究有限,突出了需要进行更具包容性的研究的需要.
科学领域:
- 医学教育研究 医学教育研究
- 健康 专业 教育 卫生 专业 教育
- 评估偏见研究研究
背景情况:
- 观察评估在医学培训中至关重要,但可能包含影响结构边缘化社区的偏见.
- 现有的评估偏见研究是分散的,通常侧重于单个专业,培训水平或特定的社会身份特征 (SIDC).
研究的目的:
- 综合地绘制现有文献,以观察医学教育评估中的偏见.
- 调查实习生可观察到的SIDC如何影响各种培训水平,专业和评估方法的评估.
主要方法:
- 我们对六个主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,ERIC,PsycINFO,Scopus,Web of Science,Cochrane Library) 进行了系统的范围审查.
- 包括2008年1月1日至2023年3月15日期间发表的研究,重点关注六个可观察到的SIDC (性别,性别不符合性,种族/种族,宗教表达,可见残疾,年龄).
- 两名独立审稿人对文章进行了选,冲突通过协商一致或第三名审稿人解决.
主要成果:
- 在2,920篇文章中,包括66篇,主要关注研究生医学教育 (66.7%) 和使用定量方法 (78.8%).
- 性别偏见 (95.5%) 是最受研究的SIDC;没有研究涉及性别不符合性,宗教表达或明显残疾.
- 在手术内自主性评估 (55.6%) 中出现了有利于男性的偏见,而临床检查偏见通常有利于女性 (78.9%). 种族和种族偏见始终青白人学生.
结论:
- 审查发现了与大多数SIDC和医学教育的交叉性相关的评估偏差研究中的重大差距.
- 调查结果强调需要一致的术语和扩展的研究来解决代表性不足的SIDC和交叉偏见.
- 这项工作为未来的研究提供了基础,以开发医疗培训中更公平的评估实践.
相关概念视频
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
233
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
233
Bias
4.2K
Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
4.2K
Blind Procedures
10.6K
Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
10.6K
Reliability and Validity
12.7K
Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
12.7K
Confirmation Biases
5.5K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
5.5K
Surveys
14.7K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
14.7K


