在休息和炼期间,藏人和汉族的心肺血液动力学
Fabian N Möller1,2,3, Jui-Lin Fan4, Joel E Futral2,5
1Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, USA.
The Journal of physiology
|June 26, 2024
概括
与汉族中国人相比,西藏人表现出优越的运动能力,无论心肺的差异如何. 它们增强的有氧性能很可能是由于改善了局部肌肉的氧气提取,而不是改变了肺压力或肺内动脉静脉解 (IPAVA) 功能.
科学领域:
- 心肺生理学 心肺生理学
- 高海拔适应 高海拔适应
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 肺内动脉静脉解 (IPAVA) 血流与在海平面运动期间的肺压力相反相关,在没有 patent foramen ovale (PFO) 的个体中.
- 西藏人适应了高海拔,具有卓越的运动能力,但与低地汉族相比,底层心肺机制,特别是低氧期间的肺压力,仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查适应高海拔的西藏人的增强运动能力是否与低氧运动期间的肺压力降低有关.
- 为了比较心肺特征,包括IPAVA血流和肺动脉静脉压 (PASP),西藏人和汉人在运动时在不同气压下进行运动.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及西藏男性和汉族中国参与者的研究 (每人n=19) 评估了形形 (PFO) 患病率 (47%在两组中).
- 没有PFO的参与者 (每组n=10) 进行了心脏结构和功能的评估,峰值氧气吸收,峰值输出功率,PASP,IPAVA血流和心脏输出在休息和运动期间在模拟的海平面 (SL) 和高海拔 (ALT) 条件下 (410 Torr).
主要成果:
- 与汉族人相比,西藏人在ALT的峰值氧气吸收和峰值功率输出更高,心率,中风量或心脏输出没有显著差异.
- IPAVA血流在两组之间是相似的,PASP的增加和缺氧期间的肺抵抗总量是相似的.
- 虽然PASP在汉族中显著增加,而在ALT中与西藏人相比,在PASP与氧气吸收的斜率上没有观察到群体差异.
结论:
- 在没有PFO的情况下,藏人的有氧运动能力优于汉人的有氧运动能力,似乎独立于心肺适应.
- 研究结果表明,加强局部肌肉氧气提取是西藏人在海拔高度运动表现优异的更可能解释.
- 心肺反应,包括IPAVA功能和肺压调节,不能完全解释这些人群之间的运动能力观察到的差异.
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