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针对非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的人工智能

Megan H Trager¹, Emily R Gordon², Alyssa Breneman¹

¹Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Clinics in dermatology

|June 26, 2024

概括

人工智能 (AI) 显示出对诊断和治疗非黑色素瘤皮肤癌 (NMSC) 的承诺. 然而,为了公平的应用,必须解决数据偏差和培训套件缺乏多样性的挑战.

科学领域:

皮肤病学皮肤病学
人工智能的人工智能
在瘤学瘤学.

背景情况:

非黑色素瘤皮肤癌 (NMSCs) 是全球普遍存在的癌症.
人工智能 (AI) 在NMSC管理中为新型诊断和治疗工具提供了潜力.

研究的目的:

在NMSC的诊断和治疗中对AI应用进行范围审查.
确定人工智能在NMSC护理中的当前趋势,成功和局限性.

主要方法:

对AI和NMSC的出版物进行系统的文献搜索.
在皮肤病理学,临床成像,手术,光谱学,生物标志物发现,智能手机使用,大型语言模型和皮肤颜色方面的AI应用的分类.

主要成果:

人工智能在病变分类,边缘评估,临床图像分析,手术规划和生物标志物发现方面显示出应用.
当前图像分析中的AI算法并不总是优于皮肤科医生,并面临数据质量,透明度和代表性等问题.
智能手机中的AI集成提供了可访问性,但准确度可变;大型语言模型为教育和决策提供了机会和挑战.
由于训练数据有限,人们对AI在不同皮肤类型上的表现存在担忧.

结论:

人工智能具有显著的潜力,可以提高NMSC诊断,患者/临床医生的教育和治疗.
解决数据限制,确保透明度和促进数据集的多样性对于可靠和可泛化的AI工具至关重要.
伦理考虑和公平获取,特别是对于服务不足的人群,必须指导AI在NMSC护理中的实施.

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