甲氧化古生物的博格外染色体元素已经保存和表达了遗传谱
Marie C Schoelmerich1,2, Lynn Ly3, Jacob West-Roberts4
1Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Nature communications
|June 26, 2024
概括
博格,巨大的外染色体元素在甲消耗的古生物,使用纳米孔测序的特征. 这些元素增强宿主活动,并且可能独立存在,这表明一种独特的异染色体元素类.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 考古物 (Archaea) 是一种古老的物种.
背景情况:
- 博格是体外染色体大元素 (ECE),在消耗甲的无氧古生物中发现,特别是"Candidatus Methanoperedens".
- 了解它们的基因组结构和功能对于理解甲循环中的微生物相互作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过纳米孔测序验证和重建完整的博格基因组.
- 为了识别新的博格人,划分他们的族系,并调查他们在宿主古物中发挥的功能作用.
- 描述博格宿主的基因组,并探索基因组歧视的潜在机制.
主要方法:
- 纳米孔测序用于基因组重建和验证.
- 比较基因组学以确定保存的基因并定义博格基因组骨干.
- 遗传学分析以建立博格人的进化关系.
- 基因表达分析以评估相对于宿主基因的博格基因活性.
- 全基因组甲基化模式预测.
主要成果:
- 重建了13个完整的和四个近乎完整的线性博格基因组,共享了一个保存的40个基因的骨干.
- 新的博格人在泥炭地土壤中被识别出来,揭示了两个主要的遗传学类.
- 博格基因,特别是电子转移细胞染色体和细胞表面蛋白质的基因,表达率高于宿主基因.
- 重建了"Candidatus Methanoperedens"博格宿主第一个完整的4.00Mbp基因组,与博格相比,具有明显的甲基化动机.
- 高的博格对主体比率和结构预测表明了博格封装和独立存在的潜力.
结论:
- 博格代表了一类独特的染色体外元素,具有保存的基因组特征和共同的祖先.
- 博格活跃地增强其"Candidatus Methanoperedens"宿主在现场的代谢能力.
- 基因组甲基化模式可能会促进宿主基因组的歧视,而博格可能具有周期性细胞外存在的能力.
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