在一般实践中对智力障碍患者的喘和COPD管理
Mathilde Mastebroek1, Nadeem C M Everlo2, Maarten Cuypers2
1Department of Primary and Community Care, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. mathilde.mastebroek@radboudumc.nl.
NPJ primary care respiratory medicine
|June 26, 2024
概括
智力障碍的成年人面临着更糟糕的健康和医疗保健准入,影响全科医生对喘和COPD的管理. 在这个群体中,喘患病率更高,观察到不同的治疗模式.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 一般实践 一般实践
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 与普通人群相比,智力障碍 (ID) 患者在健康结果和医疗保健获取方面存在差异.
- ID对全科医生治疗喘和慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的具体影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查ID和没有ID的成年人中喘和COPD的患病率.
- 在荷兰一般实践中,检查在ID和无ID患者之间喘和COPD疾病管理活动的差异.
主要方法:
- 一项10年追溯匹配队列研究 (2010-2019) 涉及34429名成年患者.
- 数据收集包括患者特征,并发症,咨询模式,使用控制问卷,螺旋计,转诊和药物.
- 在ID和无ID患者之间对喘和COPD管理的比较.
主要成果:
- 患有ID的喘患者的肥胖率和目前的吸烟率较高;患有ID的喘和COPD患者更频繁的吸烟者.
- 患有ID的喘患者获得了更多的抗生素处方. 患有ID的COPD患者有显著不同的咨询模式 (不存在或非常频繁).
- 从2014年起,患有ID的患者中喘患病率显著增加. 两组ID患者都比较年轻.
结论:
- 在患有智力障碍的患者中喘和COPD的患病率和治疗方面存在显著差异.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解这些差异的原因及其对全科医生疾病管理的质量和有效性的影响,特别是对于患有痴呆症的年轻人.
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