自闭症成年听者的多语者处理
Samra Alispahic1, Elizabeth Pellicano2,3, Anne Cutler4,5,6
1The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia. s.alispahic@westernsydney.edu.au.
Scientific reports
|June 26, 2024
概括
自闭症成年人,与非自闭症成年人不同,在听多个说话者的语音时,没有显示任何处理成本. 这表明自闭症的感知可能会以不同的方式适应说话者的变化,影响语音和语言处理理论.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 语音和语言科学 语言科学
背景情况:
- 适应说话者的变异性对于有效的沟通至关重要,涉及注意声乐特征和语言内容.
- 由于语音和语音处理的相互依赖,多语音环境通常会产生处理成本.
- 多语者处理对自闭症个体的影响,这些人往往具有非典型的感知和语言处理,仍然未经检查.
研究的目的:
- 调查说话者的变化对自闭症和非自闭症成年人的语音处理的影响.
- 为了确定自闭症个体是否在多人对话环境中经历处理成本.
主要方法:
- 澳大利亚英语自闭症 (n=24) 和非自闭症 (n=28) 的成年人使用了词语监测任务.
- 参与者对以随机序列呈现的目标单词做出了回应,这些单词由单个说话者或多个说话者说.
- 分析了灵敏度得分和响应时间,以评估处理效率.
主要成果:
- 自闭症参与者在单个和多个说话者条件下对目标词具有相似的敏感性.
- 非自闭症参与者在多人交谈条件下表现出预期的处理成本 (反应时间较慢).
- 自闭症听众在单个和多个说话者条件下没有显示不同的响应时间,这表明没有感知处理成本.
结论:
- 自闭症成年人在适应说话者语音变化时似乎不会产生感知处理成本.
- 这些发现挑战了现有的自闭症感知理论,并突出了自闭症语音和语言处理的独特方面.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解对自闭症患者语言学习和沟通的影响.
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