预测灾后创伤后应激障碍症状轨迹:灾前创伤经历的作用
Sydney T Johnson1, Susan M Mason1, Darin Erickson1
1Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, 1300 S. 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
概括
以前的创伤史对卡特里娜风后发展慢性PTSD有很小的影响. 然而,它适度地降低了恢复的可能性,这表明灾难对心理健康的间接影响.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 创伤研究 创伤研究
- 灾难心理健康 灾难心理健康
背景情况:
- 灾难导致严重的心理健康问题,30%-40%的受害者患上创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD).
- 个人在应对灾难创伤方面的差异尚未得到充分理解.
- 以前的创伤史可能会影响对随后的创伤事件的心理反应.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究灾难前创伤对PTSD轨迹的预测作用.
- 为了分析卡特里娜风幸存者的长期PTSD结果,超过12年.
主要方法:
- 隐性类增长分析被用来识别PTSD轨迹.
- 卡特里娜风幸存者的样本被追踪了灾难发生后的12年.
- 评估了灾难前创伤对PTSD轨迹的影响,并对共变量进行了调整.
主要成果:
- 确定了四种PTSD轨迹:耐药 (49.0%),恢复 (29.3%),延迟发病 (8.0%) 和慢性高 (13.7%).
- 灾难前创伤与慢性创伤后应激障碍有轻微的积极关联,与恢复轨迹有中度的负面关联.
- 灾难前创伤和慢性PTSD之间的联系在很大程度上可以通过与卡特里娜有关的创伤严重程度来解释.
结论:
- 灾难前的创伤对灾难后的慢性PTSD有有限的直接影响.
- 灾难前的创伤可能通过加剧灾难特异性创伤的影响来间接影响PTSD的发展.
- 这些发现强调了需要制定防灾策略,考虑到个人先前的创伤暴露.
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