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开发问题性绩效值得分:约束性日常活动绩效,环境障碍和健康状况.
Jimin Choi1, JiYoung Park2,3
1Center for Inclusive Design & Environmental Access, School of Architecture & Planning, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
概括
社区环境中的通用设计 (UD) 挑战被问题性绩效值 (PPV) 评分所突出. 这个分数确定了特定的障碍,如道和交通信号,这些障碍会影响残疾人,指导包容性设计改进.
科学领域:
- 环境心理学 环境心理学
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 社区设计特征给残疾人带来了挑战,影响了身体表现和社会融合.
- 针对这些挑战的通用设计 (UD) 应用存在有限的研究,特别是针对特定的人口统计数据.
- 了解环境影响是开发各种人群的包容性UD解决方案的关键.
研究的目的:
- 研究环境障碍,健康状况和日常活动表现之间的关系.
- 开发一个指数来评估基于功能能力的UD性能.
- 提供UD在创造包容性建筑环境方面的有效性证据.
主要方法:
- 利用美国,加拿大和澳大利亚问题活动调查 (PAS) 的数据.
- 包括具有和没有功能限制的参与者.
- 采用多项逻辑模型来开发问题性绩效值 (PPV) 评分.
主要成果:
- 在各种健康状况中发现了PPV的显著差异,特别是在道上.
- 运动障碍 (腿/脚,手臂/手,背部/部) 的人面临着设计不佳的边缘坡道的挑战.
- 视力受损的个体在交通信号,特别是听觉信号系统方面遇到困难.
结论:
- PPV评分识别了不同人群的有问题的日常活动,指导了环境设计的改进.
- 结果为UD解决方案提供了信息,并突出了影响用户性能的特定环境特征.
- 通过解决微层次的环境挑战,促进公平的空间使用.
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