在患有唐氏综合征的学龄前儿童中,睡眠呼吸障碍和相关的并发症
Tessa K Kolstad1, Lourdes M DelRosso2, Mary Anne Tablizo2,3
1School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 27, 2024
概括
2-4岁的唐氏综合征 (DS) 儿童经常经历阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA). 早期诊断和手术干预,如腺切除术,显著改善这些儿童的睡眠质量和呼吸.
科学领域:
- 儿科睡眠医学 儿科睡眠医学
- 遗传学和罕见疾病
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 患有唐氏综合征 (DS) 的儿童有高风险的睡眠呼吸障碍 (SDB).
- 美国儿科学会 (American Academy of Pediatrics) 建议在4岁之前对患有DS的儿童进行多睡眠记录 (PSG).
- 早期识别和管理SDB对于这一群体至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查SDB的患病率,气交异常,并发病症和2至4岁儿童的DS手术结果.
- 在这个群体中评估SDB手术干预的有效性.
- 在患有DS的幼儿中确定与SDB相关的关键并发症.
主要方法:
- 在西雅图儿童医院 (2015-2021) 接受PSG的2至4岁的DS儿童的回顾性图表审查.
- 对PSG参数的分析,包括阻塞和中心事件的呼吸暂停-呼吸暂停指数 (AHI).
- 综述并发症和手术干预,主要是腺切除术.
主要成果:
- 在75名符合条件的儿童中,94.7%符合儿科阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 的标准.
- 常见的并发症包括心脏问题 (57.3%) 和失足症 (32.0%).
- 60%接受了手术,腺切除术是最常见的手术,导致OSA指标和睡眠质量的显著改善.
结论:
- 患有唐氏综合征的幼儿患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的发病率很高.
- 心脏和吞功能障碍是普遍存在的并发症.
- 手术干预,特别是腺切除术,在这种人群中有效治疗OSA,这强调了及时诊断和治疗的必要性.
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