当代牛群冠状病毒菌株的隔离和表征
Yu Li1, Roberto A Palomares2, Mingde Liu1,3
1Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
Viruses
|June 27, 2024
概括
新牛冠状病毒 (BCoV) 菌株从美国的牛中分离出来,揭示了呼吸道和肠道BCoV菌株之间的遗传多样性和潜在差异. 这凸显了对BCoV病毒的持续监测和研究的需要.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 牛冠状病毒 (BCoV) 是影响全球牛的重要病原体,导致呼吸道和肠道疾病.
- 当代BCoV分离物很少,这限制了我们对当前菌株及其演变的理解.
- 有效的疾病管理需要对流通的病毒菌株的最新知识.
研究的目的:
- 从美国的牛中分离和描述当代的BCoV菌株.
- 分析新隔离的BCoV菌株的遗传关系和尖端蛋白变异.
- 为BCoV监测和研究提供新的基因组数据.
主要方法:
- 从俄俄州和乔治亚州的牛身上收集鼻腔和便样本.
- 使用BCoV特定的实时逆转录PCR对样品进行查.
- 在HRT-18细胞中隔离BCoV菌株和随后的全基因组测序.
- 对尖蛋白的基因分析和比较序列分析.
主要成果:
- 从71个收集的样本中,确定了15个BCoV阳性样本.
- 从便样本中成功分离了五种新的BCoV菌株.
- 遗传学分析将这些新菌株与自20世纪90年代以来检测到的美国BCoV一起.
- 在肠道和呼吸道BCoV对的尖端蛋白中观察到不同的氨基酸残留模式 (D1180与G1180).
结论:
- 这项研究提供了有价值的新的BCoV分离物和基因组序列.
- 这些发现强调了BCoV群体内的遗传多样性.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明BCoV引起的疾病变异背后的机制,并为监测策略提供信息.
相关概念视频
Techniques for Isolation of Pure Cultures
3.6K
Microorganisms are routinely cultured in the laboratory using various techniques to isolate, grow, and quantify them for further study. These methods rely on inoculating microorganisms into a suitable growth medium under aseptic conditions to prevent contamination. Depending on the objective, inoculation can involve direct transfer or the use of diluted bacterial suspensions as the inoculum.Streak-Plate Method for IsolationThe streak-plate method is a common technique for obtaining pure...
3.6K
Methods of Classification and Identification
2.3K
Bacterial identification relies on a diverse array of techniques to classify and understand microorganisms, each tailored to uncover specific characteristics. Traditional morphological approaches, while still valuable, are limited for closely related or structurally simple organisms. Modern methods integrate biochemical, serological, genetic, and advanced molecular tools to achieve greater accuracy.Morphological and Biochemical TechniquesMorphological characteristics, such as cell shape and...
2.3K
Modern Molecular Taxonomy
836
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
836
Atypical Pneumonia
84
Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...
84
Bacterial Gastroenteritis
88
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
88
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance
90
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within...
90


