在COVID-19大流行之前和期间,非COVID-19疫苗处方模式的可能变化和趋势
Shirie van Rooyen1, Martie Lubbe1, Irma Kotze1
1The Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa.
Vaccines
|June 27, 2024
概括
在南非私营部门的COVID-19大流行期间,常规儿童疫苗接种率下降. 追赶活动对于预防疫苗可预防疾病的爆发至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,COVID-19大流行扰乱了儿童常规免疫接种.
- 关于南非私人医疗保健部门疫苗接种覆盖率趋势的数据有限.
- 了解这些趋势对于管理疫苗可以预防的疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析南非私营部门儿童疫苗接种模式 (非COVID疫苗) 的变化.
- 为了比较COVID-19大流行之前 (2018-2019) 和期间 (2020-2021) 的疫苗接种覆盖率.
- 确定医疗保健提供者在疫苗管理中的作用.
主要方法:
- 来自南非制药效益管理 (PBM) 公司的药物声明数据的定量横截面分析.
- 包括67,830名两岁及以下的儿童.
- 2018-2019年与2020-2021年疫苗接种数据的比较.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,非COVID-19疫苗接种比例从大流行前的60%下降到疫情期间的55%.
- 麻疹疫苗接种率在生命的第一年下降了5%.
- 在生命的第二年观察到麻疹 (5%),甲型肝炎 (7.7%) 和五价疫苗 (5%) 的增加.
- 在这两个时期,药剂师是接种疫苗的主要处方者.
结论:
- 政府和私人提供者需要采取紧急行动,以改善第一年疫苗接种范围.
- 疫苗追赶活动对于解决因大流行病而错过的免疫接种是必不可少的.
- 药剂师在南非私人医疗保健疫苗接种中发挥着至关重要的作用.
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