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变暖对两种具有不同入侵历史的寄生虫足动物生命周期的影响
Elli Rosa Emilia Jolma1,2, Ana Born-Torrijos1, Hans Heesterbeek2
1Department of Coastal Systems NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research Den Burg, Texel The Netherlands.
Ecology and evolution
|June 27, 2024
概括
气候变化影响了入侵性寄生虫. 温暖的气温加速了寄生虫的发展,最近的入侵者比成熟的物种更适应热浪.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 气候变化影响气候变化的影响.
背景情况:
- 侵入性寄生虫对海洋生态系统构成威胁.
- 气候变化可能有利于寄生虫具有先前存在的温度适应.
- 蓝 (Mytilus edulis) 拥有两种密切相关的寄生虫类动物,具有不同的入侵历史.
研究的目的:
- 研究温度对两种入侵性海洋寄生虫共足动物的发育和生命周期的影响.
- 为了比较最近的入侵者 (Mytilicola orientalis) 和已确定的同胞 (Mytilicola intestinalis) 的温度耐受和适应.
- 预测气候变化和热浪如何影响这些寄生虫种群.
主要方法:
- 实验室实验是在10°C至26°C的温度下进行的.
- 评估了温度对寄生虫发育,生长和生命周期阶段过渡的影响.
- 对寄生虫和卵子发育阶段的寄生虫性能进行了评估.
主要成果:
- 温度上升加速了Mytilicola两种物种的发展.
- Mytilicola orientalis在10°C时增长有限,但在18°C时增长更快,而Mytilicola intestinalis从10°C持续增长到22°C.
- 温度对生命周期阶段过渡成功的影响很小,但高温 (26°C) 对两种物种的卵子发育和宿主进入产生了负面影响.
结论:
- 温度主要影响寄生虫的发展速度,而不是过渡成功.
- 根据未来的气候情景,预计这两种物种每年都会完成更多的生命周期.
- 最近的入侵者Mytilicola orientalis表现出更好地适应更高的温度和对热浪的潜在弹性.
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