世界各地大麻使用的流行:系统性审查和元分析,2000-2024年
Qianning Wang1, Zhen Qin2, Xing Xing2
1National Institute of Health Data Science, Center for Drug Abuse Prevention and Control, Peking University, Beijing, China.
China CDC weekly
|June 27, 2024
概括
全球大麻使用率在合法化国家更高. 这一系统性审查强调了合法化后使用的增加,敦促新合法化国家加强监测和预防策略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 药物使用研究研究 药物使用研究
背景情况:
- 大麻使用是全球重要的公共卫生问题.
- 了解其流行率对于有效的毒品政策和预防至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 进行全球大麻使用流行情况的系统审查和元分析.
- 为药物预防战略,政策制定和资源分配提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从2000年到2024年,对主要的同行评审数据库 (科学网,PubMed,Scopus,Embase,Cochrane图书馆) 进行系统搜索.
- 选了177,843项研究,595项用于数据提取,39项用于国家代表性分析.
- 通过千平方和I2统计评估异质性;进行了灵敏度分析.
主要成果:
- 大麻使用率因地区而异:欧洲 (0.42%-43.90%),美洲 (1.40%-38.12%),亚洲 (0.30%-19.10%),大洋洲/非洲 (1.30%-48.70%).
- 在合法化国家,聚合流行率为12.0%,而在非合法化国家为5.4%.
- 在大麻合法化后,大麻使用量显著增加,特别是由于地理位置接近合法化地区.
结论:
- 大麻合法化与使用量不成比例的增加有关.
- 对于实施大麻合法化的国家,需要加强监测.
- 预防措施对于制初始大麻使用至关重要,特别是在新兴市场.
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