大脑的相关性和功能连接性将压力,自主失调和酒精激励联系起来
Dongju Seo1, Jorge S Martins2, Rajita Sinha1
1Yale Stress Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 2 Church Street South, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
Neurobiology of stress
|June 27, 2024
概括
高压力会破坏自主神经系统 (ANS) 功能,损害腹中前额叶皮层 (VmPFC) 对兴奋中心的控制. 高风险饮酒者的这种功能障碍与增加的酒精动机和消费有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 自主神经系统研究 自主神经系统研究
背景情况:
- 高压力是酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 的重要危险因素.
- 压力引起的生理失调,特别是自主神经系统 (ANS) 障碍,在AUD中很常见.
- 连接压力,ANS和酒精消费的神经机制仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同风险级别的社交饮酒者中压力,神经神经系统障碍和酒精摄入量的神经相关性.
- 检查大脑和心率 (HR) 对压力,酒精和中性线索的自主反应,在高饮酒 (HD) 与低饮酒 (LD) 个体中.
主要方法:
- 使用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 和心率监测 (HR).
- 一个个性化的图像范式将参与者暴露在压力,酒精和中性线索中.
- 48名社会饮酒者 (26名高品质饮酒者,22名低品质饮酒者) 参与了这项研究.
主要成果:
- 高风险饮酒者 (HD) 呈现出基底HR增加,压力诱导的渴望,以及减少前额-状脑对压力的反应.
- 在压力期间,较高的基底HR与低活性腹中前额皮层 (VmPFC) 和过度活跃的长髓 (MOb) 相相关.
- 在HD个体中观察到压力期间VmPFC-MOb功能连接受损,并预测了更高的酒精消费.
结论:
- 与压力相关的VmPFC功能障碍在调节自主性兴奋方面有助于酒精动机和危险饮酒.
- 这种VmPFC-自主失调可能是非依赖饮酒者发展AUD的关键风险因素.
- 在压力期间恢复VmPFC对自主兴奋的控制对AUD预防至关重要.
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