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相关概念视频

Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

7.6K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.6K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
10.6K
pre-mRNA Processing02:01

pre-mRNA Processing

52.8K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
52.8K
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

8.5K
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
8.5K
Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

9.3K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps...
9.3K
RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

9.0K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

2D-HELS MS Seq: A General LC-MS-Based Method for Direct and de novo Sequencing of RNA Mixtures with Different Nucleotide Modifications
05:41

2D-HELS MS Seq: A General LC-MS-Based Method for Direct and de novo Sequencing of RNA Mixtures with Different Nucleotide Modifications

Published on: July 10, 2020

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测序方法和mRNA修改的功能解码.

Kai Li1,2,3, Jinying Peng1, Chengqi Yi1,3,4

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Fundamental research
|June 27, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

本综述涵盖了真核细胞信使RNA (mRNA) 的修饰,详细介绍了它们的产生,调节和作用. 它还探讨了先进的检测方法和RNA修饰科学当前的研究挑战.

关键词:
5-甲基细胞氨酸 (m5C) 是一种5甲基细胞氨酸.伊诺 (I) 是一种N1-甲基氨酸 (m1A) 是一种N6,2′-O-二甲基氨酸 (m6Am) 是一种N6 - 甲基氨酸 (m6A) 的使用.伪乌里丁 (Ψ) 是一种基因组RNA的修饰 基因组RNA的修饰

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A Method for Measuring RNA N6-methyladenosine Modifications in Cells and Tissues
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A Method for Measuring RNA N6-methyladenosine Modifications in Cells and Tissues

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Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data
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Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2025

2D-HELS MS Seq: A General LC-MS-Based Method for Direct and de novo Sequencing of RNA Mixtures with Different Nucleotide Modifications
05:41

2D-HELS MS Seq: A General LC-MS-Based Method for Direct and de novo Sequencing of RNA Mixtures with Different Nucleotide Modifications

Published on: July 10, 2020

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A Method for Measuring RNA N6-methyladenosine Modifications in Cells and Tissues
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A Method for Measuring RNA N6-methyladenosine Modifications in Cells and Tissues

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Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data
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Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
  • 基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

  • 已知160多种转录后RNA修饰,在物种,组织和RNA类型之间具有显著的变异性.
  • 高通量检测技术的近期进步促进了许多动态和可逆RNA修饰的识别.
  • 关键的修改包括N6,2'-O-二甲基氨酸 (m6Am),N1-甲基氨酸 (m1A),5-甲基氨酸 (m5C),N6-甲基氨酸 (m6A),伪氨酸 (Ψ) 和氨酸 (I).

研究的目的:

  • 为了提供对真核细胞信使RNA (mRNA) 修改的全面概述.
  • 总结mRNA修饰的生物发生,调节机制和生物功能.
  • 审查检测mRNA修饰的高通量方法,并讨论当前的研究挑战.

主要方法:

  • 文献综述专注于真核mRNA修饰.
  • 合成关于RNA修饰生物发生和调节的信息.
  • 对RNA修饰的高通量检测技术的分析.

主要成果:

  • 详细概述了多样化的真核mRNA修饰的景观.
  • 解释控制RNA修饰的复杂的监管网络.
  • 对mRNA修饰对细胞过程的功能影响的概述.

结论:

  • 细胞mRNA修饰在基因表达和细胞功能中起着至关重要的作用.
  • 高通量技术彻底改变了对RNA修饰的研究.
  • 需要进一步的研究才能充分理解mRNA修饰的复杂性和影响.