在外周自身免疫和炎症性疾病中,认知障碍的临床特征和潜在机制
Ke-Qi Fan1,2, Tao Huang1,2, Jian-Shuai Yu1
1MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, and Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Fundamental research
|June 27, 2024
概括
没有直接影响大脑的自身免疫性疾病可以通过神经炎症引起认知功能障碍 (CD). 了解这种联系对于治疗自身免疫性疾病中大脑健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
- 自免疫性疾病 自免疫性疾病
- 认知功能障碍 认知功能障碍
背景情况:
- 精神和神经系统疾病代表着日益增长的全球健康负担.
- 神经精神疾病与外周和中枢神经系统 (CNS) 的过度免疫反应有共同的联系.
- 认知功能障碍 (CD) 经常在自身免疫性疾病中观察到,即使这些疾病不是主要针对中枢神经系统.
研究的目的:
- 审查CD与非中枢神经系统自身免疫性疾病之间的相关性.
- 总结临床特征和机制,将自身免疫性疾病与认知障碍联系起来.
- 探索自身免疫性疾病中CD的神经免疫学观点.
主要方法:
- 对临床统计数据的分析,以说明CD-自身免疫性疾病相关性.
- 关于自身免疫性疾病中认知障碍机制的现有文献的审查.
- 认知功能障碍的神经免疫学基础的检查.
主要成果:
- 临床数据显示,CD与不直接影响中枢神经系统的自身免疫性疾病之间存在相关性.
- 异常激活的免疫细胞可能会破坏血脑屏障 (BBB),引发中枢神经系统神经炎症.
- 周围自身抗体和炎症分子可以穿越BBB,激活微质细胞并引起炎症和CD.
结论:
- 自身免疫过程可以通过神经炎症途径显著影响认知功能.
- 血脑屏障的完整性是防止外周免疫系统对大脑的影响的关键因素.
- 需要在神经免疫学方面进行进一步的研究,以充分阐明自身免疫性疾病中CD的潜在机制.
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