印度奥迪沙州特别易受伤害的部落群体中营养不良和贫血:需要特定背景干预
Arundhuti Das1, Jyoti Ghosal1,2, Hemant Kumar Khuntia1
1Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health, Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
概括
营养不良和贫血是奥迪沙州的关键健康问题.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 部落健康 部落健康
背景情况:
- 印度持续存在的营养不良和贫血的高患病率不成比例地影响着社会经济弱势群体.
- 奥迪沙拥有印度最多的特别易受伤害的部落群 (PVTGs),这个群体面临着严重的健康差异.
- 目前关于奥迪沙这些特定PVTG社区的营养和贫血状况的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 综合评估奥迪沙的PVTGs中所有年龄段的营养不良的流行和模式.
- 确定贫血的状况,特别是在生育年龄的妇女中,在这些脆弱的部落人口中.
- 为有针对性的公共卫生干预和PVTG的政策制定提供关键数据.
主要方法:
- 采用了基于社区的,横截面的研究设计.
- 这项研究包括来自奥迪沙州12个地区的13个不同的PVTG的1461名参与者 (683名男性,779名女性).
- 数据收集是在2018年8月至2019年2月期间进行的.
主要成果:
- 在五岁以下的儿童中发现了极高的营养不良率:75.26%的体重不足,55.42%的发育迟缓,60.00%的发育迟缓,女孩受到的影响更大.
- 在儿童和青少年 (5-19岁) 中,46.7%的人经历了瘦身.
- 在成人 (>20岁) 中,体重不足的患病率为37.7% (男性) 和44.3% (女性);严重贫血影响了36.5%的女性和35.8%的男性,在生育年龄的女性中患病率更高.
结论:
- 营养不良和贫血仍然是奥迪沙州PVTG的关键公共卫生挑战,特别是影响幼儿和生育年龄的妇女.
- 迫切需要针对这些弱势部落群体的国家和州卫生政策和干预措施.
- 解决这些差异对于实现印度到2030年的可持续发展目标至关重要.
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