在消除结核病的背景下,在老年人住所的空气传播感染控制实践
Zinia T Nujum1, S Sindhu2, P S Rakesh3
1Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Kollam, Kerala, India.
Indian journal of public health
|June 27, 2024
概括
养老院的空气传播感染控制 (AIC) 实践不足,通风和卫生意识不佳. 工作人员和居民的培训,以及基础设施的改善,对于消除这些环境中的结核病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病控制和控制传染病
- 老年医疗护理 医疗护理
背景情况:
- 印度结束结核病 (TB) 的国家战略计划强调在易感人群中预防结核病.
- 在高风险环境中的空气传播感染控制 (AIC),例如老人院 (HFA),对于消除结核病至关重要.
- 养老院是一个脆弱的环境,需要特别注意AIC战略.
研究的目的:
- 评估目前在印度喀拉拉邦科拉姆区的老年人住宅 (HFA) 中的空气传播感染控制实践 (AICPs).
- 在老年护理机构实施有效的AIC措施时发现差距和挑战.
- 为改进HFA中的AIC提供信息,以进行有针对性的干预.
主要方法:
- 在五个HFA设施中使用混合方法来评估AICP.
- 与最近患有呼吸道感染的居民和设施管理人员进行了深入采访.
- 环境评估使用观察检查列表来评估关键的AIC参数.
主要成果:
- 在25%-40%的HFA中观察到通风不足,每小时的空气变换不足,床间距不足.
- 在居民中注意到对通风和个人卫生的重要性的认识有限.
- 戴口罩和保持手部卫生等做法并没有得到一致的遵守. 管理员报告了资源限制 (空间,资金,人力资源).
结论:
- 对于AIC原则和实践,对员工和居民进行全面的培训计划至关重要.
- 建议进行短期的基础设施改进,如分区屏幕,以及长期开发符合模型AIC的HFA.
- 涉及卫生专业人员和建筑师的协作努力对于HFA的成功结核病消除策略至关重要.
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