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相关概念视频

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

155
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
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Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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基尿素在儿科状细胞疾病中维持工作记忆功能.

Jesyin Lai1, Ping Zou1, Josue L Dalboni da Rocha1

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America.

PloS one
|June 27, 2024
PubMed
概括

基尿素治疗有助于维持状细胞疾病 (SCD) 的儿童的工作记忆. 与对照组相比,功能性MRI显示治疗儿童的工作记忆功能和大脑活动模式稳定.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 儿科 儿科 儿科
  • 血液学 血液学 血液学

背景情况:

  • 状细胞疾病 (SCD) 损害红细胞的氧气容量,导致儿童的神经认知缺陷.
  • 工作记忆对于认知和学术技能至关重要,在SCD中经常受到影响.
  • 氨酸,一种标准的SCD治疗,对神经认知功能,特别是工作记忆的影响仍然不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 调查基尿素治疗对SCD儿童工作记忆功能和相关大脑活动的影响.
  • 为了比较一个多年的基尿素治疗SCD患者与对照者的工作记忆神经相关的变化.

主要方法:

  • 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于评估血液氧化水平依赖 (BOLD) 信号在n-back任务在20个基尿素治疗的SCD患者和11个对照组 (7-18岁) 在n-back任务期间.
  • 神经认知测量和fMRI数据在基线和启动氧尿素治疗后1年内收集.
  • 使用搜索灯模式分类来分析BOLD信号模式的变化.

主要成果:

  • 工作记忆功能在基尿素治疗组中保持稳定.
  • 在右骨和角骨中观察到显著的治疗时间相互作用.
  • 与治疗组相比,对照组在脑后部区域的BOLD信号模式中显示出更大的变化,随着时间的推移,BOLD信号的增加.
  • 接受治疗的组表现出BOLD信号的持续增加,随着工作记忆负载的增加,这表明认知努力得到了保留.

结论:

  • 基尿素治疗似乎有助于维持状细胞疾病儿童的工作记忆功能.
  • 研究结果表明,氨酸可以通过在苛刻的认知任务中保持大脑活动动态来缓解与SCD相关的神经认知缺陷.