烯酸树脂合改性素的特征和特性
Penghui Li1, Wanting Su1, Yiran Zheng2
1Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China.
International journal of biological macromolecules
|June 27, 2024
概括
研究人员使用深度性溶剂 (DES) 将废弃的性红素转化为有价值的性单体. 这项创新可以创建具有成本效益的,基于生物质的树脂,减少对非可再生的依赖.
科学领域:
- 生物质价值化和聚合物化学.
- 可持续材料科学和绿色化学.
背景情况:
- 树脂在工业上很重要,但依赖于不可再生的.
- 废性红素是一种生物质副产品,它具有适合树脂合成的活性组.
- 目前的方法往往忽略了由于其低反应性的素的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种绿色和具有成本效益的方法来生产基于生物质的树脂.
- 通过将其转化为有用的类单体来利用废性素.
- 为了研究经济可行性和素衍生的树脂合成的潜在机制.
主要方法:
- 酸催化性木质素的脱聚合,使用深度浸泡性溶剂 (DES),特别是胆化物/p-toluenesulfonic 酸或胆化物/乳酸.
- 在多个循环中回收和重复使用DES溶剂,以评估降解和效率.
- 脱聚合的宁单体与和甲的三级共聚合.
- 对多个DES处理周期的树脂生产成本的经济分析.
- 密度函数理论 (DFT) 模拟来探索反应机制.
主要成果:
- 类单体,主要是2-甲基-4-(1-) ,已成功地从性木质素中获得.
- 实现了高的DES溶剂回收率 (>85%) 和五个周期的稳定性.
- 宁单体在生物质树脂的合成中取代了50%的.
- 树脂生产成本大幅下降,在4个循环后达到纯树脂成本的51.1%.
- DFT模拟提供了对反应路径和结构控制潜力的见解.
结论:
- 使用DES,废性红素可以有效地去聚合成有价值的类单体.
- 这一过程提供了一条可持续且经济可行的途径,以生物质为基础的树脂.
- 这些发现支持可再生生物质资源的高价值利用,并减少对化石燃料的依赖.
相关概念视频
01:14Polymer Classification: Architecture
2.7K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
2.7K
02:36Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols
18.9K
Like water, alcohols are weak acids and bases. This is attributed to the polarization of the O–H bond making the hydrogen partially positive. Moreover, the electron pairs on the oxygen atom of alcohol make it both basic and nucleophilic. Protonation of an alcohol converts hydroxide, a poor leaving group, into water—a good one. The two acid–base equilibria corresponding to ethanol are depicted below.
18.9K
02:32Physical Properties of Alcohols and Phenols
14.3K
Alcohols are organic compounds in which a hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon. Phenols are a class of alcohols containing a hydroxy group attached to an aromatic ring. The physical properties of the alcohols and phenols are influenced by hydrogen bonding due to the oxygen–hydrogen dipole in the hydroxy functional group and dispersion forces between alkyl or aryl regions of alcohol and phenol molecules.
Alcohols possess a higher boiling point than aliphatic hydrocarbons of...
Alcohols possess a higher boiling point than aliphatic hydrocarbons of...
14.3K
01:21Wood Products
81
Wood products encompass a broad range of materials crafted from wood strands, veneers, lumber, and even waste wood-like shreds, designed for both structural and nonstructural purposes. Various specialized wood products have been developed to enhance strength, durability, and versatility in building applications.
Glue-laminated wood, often referred to as glulam, combines multiple smaller pieces of dimensional lumber using adhesives to form a single, larger piece. Cross-laminated timber consists...
Glue-laminated wood, often referred to as glulam, combines multiple smaller pieces of dimensional lumber using adhesives to form a single, larger piece. Cross-laminated timber consists...
81
02:23Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols
16.7K
Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds,...
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds,...
16.7K
01:10Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process
2.7K
Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles under normal conditions. However, the reaction can proceed under drastic conditions involving high temperatures and high pressure to give the substituted products. For example, chlorobenzene is converted to phenol using aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C under high pressure by the Dow process. The reaction follows an elimination-addition mechanism involving a benzyne intermediate. Here, the chloride ion is...
2.7K