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相关概念视频

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
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Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
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Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

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Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
6.8K
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

5.8K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
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Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

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Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
9.1K
The Nucleosome Core Particle01:12

The Nucleosome Core Particle

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Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Site Specific Lysine Acetylation of Histones for Nucleosome Reconstitution using Genetic Code Expansion in Escherichia coli
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Site Specific Lysine Acetylation of Histones for Nucleosome Reconstitution using Genetic Code Expansion in Escherichia coli

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通过基因素乙化,PCAF促进R循环的分辨率.

Seo Yun Lee1, Soo Hyeon Lee1, Nak Hun Choi1

  • 1Department of Life Science and Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea.

Nucleic acids research
|June 27, 2024
PubMed
概括

PCAF的耗尽增加了R环和基因组的不稳定性. PCAF招募修复蛋白来解决R循环,保持基因组稳定性和预防癌症等疾病.

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • R环是核酸结构,可以导致基因组不稳定.
  • 由PCAF调节的基因组乙化对基因组稳定性至关重要.
  • R环和基因组稳定性的失调与包括癌症在内的疾病有关.

研究的目的:

  • 研究PCAF在R循环分辨率和基因组稳定性中的作用.
  • 阐明PCAF维持基因组完整性的分子机制.

主要方法:

  • 在细胞模型中PCAF的耗尽.
  • 在转录过程中对R循环形成的分析.
  • 评估基因素乙化标记 (H4K8ac).
  • 对DNA修复蛋白的招募试验 (MRE11,EXO1,FANCM,BLM).

主要成果:

  • PCAF 枯竭显著增加了 R 循环的形成,特别是在转录过程中.
  • PCAF促进H4K8乙化,这对于招募DNA修复蛋白质至关重要.
  • 通过PCAF介导的MRE11,EXO1和Fanconi贫血蛋白的招募对于R循环解析至关重要.
  • 由于未解决的R环,PCAF的损失损害了基因组的稳定性.

结论:

  • 在解决R循环和保持基因组稳定性方面,PCAF起着至关重要的作用.
  • PCAF,基因组乙化和DNA修复通路 (包括FA蛋白) 构成了R循环解析的协作网络.
  • 这些发现提供了对疾病机制和基因组不稳定性相关疾病的潜在治疗点的见解.