儿童和青少年时期自主心率调节的发展
Kateřina Helánová1,2, Martina Šišáková3,4, Katerina Hnatkova5
1Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology
|June 27, 2024
概括
心率控制是从童年开始发展起来的. 虽然休息时的副交感影响是稳定的,但同情系统随着年龄的增长对阴道影响的反应变得不那么强,特别是在站立的位置.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 自主神经系统生理学 自主神经系统生理学
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
背景情况:
- 自主心率控制在成年人中是可以理解的,但它在儿童和青少年中的发展不太清楚.
- 关于自主神经系统对心率的调节如何在整个儿童和青少年时期发生变化,目前的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童和青少年时期心率控制和心率变化 (HRV) 的发育变化.
- 检查各种姿势挑战期间心率自主调节的与年龄相关的差异.
主要方法:
- 在1045名健康儿童和青少年 (4-19岁) 中记录了连续的12导电心电图.
- 参与者经历了姿势动作:仰卧,坐着和站着的姿势,每人10分钟.
- 心率和HRV指数 (SDNN,RMSSD,HF,LF和qnHF) 用线性回归与年龄进行测量和分析.
主要成果:
- 心率随着年龄的增长而降低,在卧卧的两种性别中,但在女性中较少.
- 随着年龄的增长,RMSSD和准正常化HF (qnHF) 在坐着和站着的姿势下降,这表明副交感影响减少.
- 坐着和站着的LF/HF比率随着年龄的增长而增加,这表明同情的主导地位增加了.
结论:
- 基线副交感影响 (supine) 显示从童年到青春期的发展变化很小.
- 相比于年长的儿童和青少年,同情神经系统对幼儿的阴道影响的反应较小.
- 心率的自主调节在整个童年期间成熟,在体位压力期间观察到交感和副交感平衡的显著变化.
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