关于电子健康记录共享基础模型适应性的多中心研究
Lin Lawrence Guo1, Jason Fries2, Ethan Steinberg2
1Program in Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
NPJ digital medicine
|June 27, 2024
概括
在医院中适应电子健康记录 (EHR) 的基础模型可以提高AI的性能并降低成本. 这些可适应的模型提高了预测准确性,特别是在有限的数据下,简化了医疗保健人工智能开发.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 机器学习用于临床预测
- 电子健康记录的基础模型
背景情况:
- 基金会模型为医疗保健提供可扩展和具有成本效益的AI开发.
- 在提高性能和稳定性方面,EHR基础模型显示出前景.
- 跨机构共享EHR基础模型的可行性需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 在不同医院系统中检查结构化EHR基础模型的适应性和性能.
- 为了比较适应的基础模型与本地训练的模型的性能.
主要方法:
- 利用公开可访问的结构化EHR基础模型 (FM SM) 训练了257万个患者记录.
- 通过使用来自 The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) 和 MIMIC-IV. 的 EHR 数据进行实验.
- 通过持续的预训练和针对特定任务的绩效评估来评估适应能力,与基线模型 (如梯度增强机 (GBM)) 相比.
主要成果:
- 调整现成的FM SM与GBM的性能相匹配,并且在有限的训练标签下提高了13%的性能.
- 持续预训需要不到1%的训练实例来匹配完全训练的GBM性能.
- 与从头开始培训当地基金会模型相比,FM SM的样本效率提高了60-90%.
结论:
- 在各医院调整EHR基础模型可以提高预测性能并降低开发成本.
- 基础基础模型作为有效的医疗保健人工智能开发的有价值的模块化组件.
- 这项研究强调了基础模型在临床环境中更广泛应用的潜力.
相关概念视频
01:30Methods of Documentation VII: EMR
830
Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) primarily center around electronically documenting patients' health information within a single healthcare organization or practice. They contain essential clinical data related to a patient's medical history, diagnoses, medications, treatment plans, lab results, and other pertinent information relevant to the specific encounter or episode of care. EMRs are designed to streamline documentation and workflow processes within individual healthcare...
830
01:29Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System
5.6K
The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
5.6K
01:15Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model
565
The case management model is a multidisciplinary approach that involves healthcare professionals from diverse disciplines, such as physicians, nurses, therapists, social workers, and pharmacists, working collaboratively to address the various needs of patients. Each healthcare professional brings unique expertise and perspectives, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the patient's condition and tailoring treatment plans accordingly.
For example, a patient with a chronic...
For example, a patient with a chronic...
565
01:11Purpose of Health Records I
1.2K
The vital purpose of health records is to provide a complete and accurate account of a patient's medical history, including communication, diagnostic and therapeutic orders, care planning, research, and quality review.
Here's a breakdown of how health records serve these purposes:
Here's a breakdown of how health records serve these purposes:
1.2K
01:30Health Information Technology and Healthcare Information System
821
Health Information Technology (HIT)
Health Information Technology, commonly called HIT, integrates advanced information systems and technology in healthcare settings. Its primary functions include:
Health Information Technology, commonly called HIT, integrates advanced information systems and technology in healthcare settings. Its primary functions include:
821
01:27Nursing Clinical Information System
765
Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS)
A Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS) is a specialized type of healthcare information system tailored to meet the unique needs of nursing practice. It incorporates the principles of nursing informatics to streamline information management and improve the quality of care delivery.
Critical attributes of NCIS include:
A Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS) is a specialized type of healthcare information system tailored to meet the unique needs of nursing practice. It incorporates the principles of nursing informatics to streamline information management and improve the quality of care delivery.
Critical attributes of NCIS include:
765