在学龄儿童中创伤后应激障碍:全国前性出生队列研究
Mogens Nygaard Christoffersen1, Anne A E Thorup2
1VIVE, The Danish Center for Social Science Research, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Journal of child & adolescent trauma
|June 28, 2024
概括
童年创伤可能导致创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD). 像自闭症和ADHD这样的个体脆弱性显著增加了儿童的PTSD风险,突出了更好的查和管理的需要.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 童年创伤事件是精神疾病的重要风险因素,包括创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD).
- 创伤性压力模型认为,累积的环境压力因素与个人脆弱性相互作用,影响PTSD的发展.
- 了解这些因素对于儿童心理健康的早期干预和预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在一大批丹麦儿童中调查首次创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 诊断的风险因素.
- 检查家庭,社区和个人脆弱性对学龄儿童PTSD发展的预测作用.
- 评估发现与已建立的创伤性压力模型的一致性.
主要方法:
- 从1984年至1994年出生的整个丹麦儿童人口的前性面板数据,从7岁到18岁进行了跟踪 (N=679,000).
- 使用离散时间日志奇特模型,分析首次PTSD诊断的风险因素.
- 检查终身PTSD患病率 (2.3%) 和各种风险指标的影响.
主要成果:
- 创伤性压力指标 (家庭,社区暴力,解体) 和个人脆弱性预测了PTSD诊断.
- 神经发育障碍,特别是自闭症 (OR 7.1) 和ADHD (OR 10.7),是PTSD的强烈预测因素.
- 父母滥用药物显示与PTSD的相关性低于预期,这表明该组潜在的低估.
结论:
- 这项研究在很大程度上支持创伤性压力模型,强调了压力因素和个体脆弱性的附加性.
- 神经发育障碍显著提高了儿童患PTSD的风险.
- 行政性PTSD诊断可能低估了真正的患病率,强调需要加强查和管理工作.
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