人工智能和机器学习在预测非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗反应方面:系统性审查
Tanya Sinha1, Aiman Khan2, Manahil Awan3
1Internal Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, NPL.
Cureus
|June 28, 2024
概括
人工智能和机器学习在预测非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 免疫治疗反应方面表现有希望. 这些先进的计算模型可以帮助个性化治疗并改善患者的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 是癌症死亡的主要原因,免疫疗法提供了更好的结果,但反应率可变.
- 预测生物标志物对于优化NSCLC患者免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 治疗至关重要.
- 人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 是分析复杂的生物和临床数据的新兴工具.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查AI和ML技术在预测NSCLC免疫治疗反应中的应用.
- 用各种数据类型评估AI/ML模型的性能和局限性.
- 确定AI/ML在NSCLC免疫疗法中临床实施的挑战和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 进行了全面的文献搜索,以确定相关研究.
- 包括的研究使用了各种AI/ML算法 (例如,深度学习,神经网络,SVM).
- 分析的数据模式包括医学成像,基因组学,临床数据和免疫组织化学.
主要成果:
- AI/ML模型在预测ICI反应,无进展生存率和NSCLC总生存率方面表现出显著的准确性.
- 研究展示了AI/ML在不同数据类型中的潜力,用于预测生物标志物发现.
- 确定的挑战包括数据稀缺性,质量问题,模型解释性和临床翻译障碍.
结论:
- 人工智能和机器学习在预测NSCLC免疫治疗反应方面具有巨大的潜力,从而实现个性化治疗策略.
- 需要进一步的研究来提高模型的透明度,解决数据的局限性,并促进临床整合.
- 成功实施可以改善患者的治疗结果,减少毒性,并优化医疗保健资源的利用.
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