医疗保健中的大型语言模型:发展,应用和挑战
Rui Yang1, Ting Fang Tan2, Wei Lu3
1Department of Biomedical Informatics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore.
Health care science
|June 28, 2024
概括
像ChatGPT这样的大型语言模型 (LLM) 在诊断和教育方面在医疗保健方面显示出很大的前景. 特定领域的LLM优于一般的LLM,但必须应对挑战.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 像ChatGPT这样的先进AI聊天机器人的出现凸显了大型语言模型 (LLM) 的潜力.
- 法学学位越来越被认为是包括医疗保健在内的各个领域的重要发展领域.
- 医疗保健中的LLM可以根据其培训数据分为生物医学和临床领域.
研究的目的:
- 探索LLM在医疗保健中的能力和潜在应用.
- 在医疗保健的背景下,区分一般和特定领域的LLM.
- 讨论将LLM整合到医疗保健系统中的影响,机遇和挑战.
主要方法:
- 审查最近在LLM发展和绩效方面的进展.
- 分析特定领域的LLM (生物医学和临床) 以及它们在自然语言处理任务上的表现.
- 讨论在临床实践,医学教育和写作中的潜在应用.
主要成果:
- 近年来,与一般的LLM相比,特定领域的LLM表现优越.
- 法学士在语言理解和内容生成方面表现出卓越的能力.
- 专门的LLM的表现强调了需要领域特定的发展.
结论:
- 在改变医疗保健方面,LLM具有显著的前景,在预咨询,诊断,管理,医学教育和写作方面有潜在的应用.
- 特定领域的LLM对于在医疗保健相关的自然语言处理任务中实现高性能至关重要.
- 医疗保健系统必须主动解决与LLM实施相关的挑战和伦理考虑.
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