父母压力和观察家长在一个主要是少数群体和低收入样本中的父母-孩子互动任务中
S Barreto1, S Wang1, U Guarnaccia2
1Yale Stress Center, Yale University School of Medicine, USA.
概括
高度的父母生活压力,而不是育儿压力,与低收入的少数民族家庭的负面育儿行为有关. 减少整体压力可能会改善育儿和儿童发展的结果.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 家庭研究 家庭研究
背景情况:
- 父母的压力是影响儿童社会情绪和行为发展的已知因素.
- 以前的研究表明,压力较大的父母可能会表现出更消极的育儿行为,但生活压力对育儿特定压力的影响是不太了解的,特别是在少数群体和低收入人群中.
研究的目的:
- 检查感知生活压力,育儿相关压力和幼儿观察到的育儿行为之间的关系.
- 为了调查这些协会在一个主要是少数民族和低收入家庭的样本.
主要方法:
- 54个主要是少数民族和低收入的父母-子女二合一 (2-5岁的儿童) 参与了.
- 父母完成了感知压力尺度和育儿压力清单.
- 在玩具等待任务期间,父母和孩子的互动被录制成视频,并为影响和育儿行为 (积极和消极) 编码.
主要成果:
- 在感知生活压力和育儿压力之间发现了显著的积极关联 (r = 0.61,p < .01).
- 感知生活压力的增加与父母负面影响的增加相关 (r = 0.291,p < .05) 和父母参与度的减少 (r = -0.367,p < .05).
- 育儿特异性压力对观察到的育儿行为没有显著影响 (p > .05).
结论:
- 感知生活压力,而不是育儿特有的压力,似乎是影响这群人育儿行为的一个重要因素.
- 旨在减少少数民族和低收入父母整体压力的干预措施可能会对育儿实践产生积极影响.
- 改善育儿可能有助于减轻儿童精神病理学的风险.
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