中国实现全民健康覆盖的进展的省级不平等:2016-21年经验分析
Yining Wang1, Ruixin Wang1, Mingzhu Jiang1
1School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Journal of global health
|June 28, 2024
概括
从2016年到2021年,中国在全民健康覆盖 (UHC) 方面取得了重大进展,各省份的公平性得到改善. 然而,在预防非传染性疾病 (NCD) 和解决区域差异方面,仍然存在挑战.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 全民健康覆盖 (UHC) 是一个关键的可持续发展目标 (SDG).
- 来自中国的地方数据对于了解区域UHC进展至关重要.
- 经济和资源分配因素显著影响UHC水平.
研究的目的:
- 从2016年到2021年,监测中国各省对UHC的进展情况.
- 为制定特定区域的UHC战略提供信息.
- 分析中国各省UHC的社会经济不平等情况.
主要方法:
- 根据世卫组织框架 (服务覆盖和财务保护) 构建了一个UHC指数.
- 利用从25个省份 (2016-2021) 定期收集的健康数据.
- 使用斜率和相对不平等指数 (SII和RII) 量化社会经济不平等.
主要成果:
- 国家UHC指数从56.94 (2016) 增加到63.03 (2021).
- 西部省份的进展更快,特别是在金融保护方面.
- 省际股权有所改善,但差距仍然存在 (例如,上海与福建).
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 领域的UHC得分和公平性下降.
结论:
- 中国在实现UHC方面取得了值得称赞的进展,与可持续发展目标和"健康中国2030"保持一致.
- 公平的UHC需要提高服务能力和在较不发达地区的金融保护.
- 发达地区需要优先考虑NCD预防;洞察力适用于全球.
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