简要报告:残疾患病率,医疗保健服务利用率和参与特殊教育的城乡差异
Emma K Boswell1, Elizabeth Crouch2
1Rural and Minority Health Research Center, University of South Carolina, 220 Stoneridge Dr, Columbia, SC, 29210, USA. emmakb@email.sc.edu.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|June 28, 2024
概括
与城市同龄人相比,农村儿童面临更高的残疾率和神经分歧. 在获取行为健康药物方面仍然存在差异,这凸显了针对农村残疾儿童提供有针对性的支持的需要.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 以前的研究表明,农村儿童患有较高的残疾,但获得护理的机会较少.
- 随着COVID-19大流行,农村和残疾儿童的服务利用受到不成比例的影响.
- 了解残疾和服务获取方面的城乡差异对于公平的医疗保健至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查2至17岁儿童残疾指标的城乡差异.
- 检查农村和城市儿童在教育和医疗服务利用方面的差异.
- 确定农村残疾儿童需要的具体领域.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自2021-2022年国家健康访谈调查 (NHIS) 的12828名儿童 (年龄为2-17岁) 的数据.
- 评估了三个残疾指标:华盛顿集团短组复合,发育障碍和神经分歧.
- 采用罗-斯科特基平方测试,对使用服务和残疾患病率的农村和城市差异进行双变量分析.
主要成果:
- 农村儿童对华盛顿小组短组综合残疾指标 (14.3%对10.6%) 和神经分歧 (17.3%对14.1%) 的患病率更高.
- 农村残疾儿童更有可能接受处方药治疗行为/心理健康或集中力问题 (34.2%对25.9%).
- 在发育障碍的患病率,一般医疗保健使用或特殊教育参与方面,没有发现显著的农村和城市差异.
结论:
- 在特定的残疾指标和行为健康的某些药物使用方面存在显著的城乡差异.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解农村人口中这些差异的根本原因.
- 持续的政策和计划支持对于解决农村残疾儿童的需求至关重要.
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