昆虫短暂性的季节性变化推动了蝙蝠的食努力
Jenna E Kohles1, Rachel A Page2, Martin Wikelski3
1Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Department of Migration, Am Obstberg 1, Radolfzell 78315, Germany; Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, Konstanz 78464, Germany; Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, Konstanz 78464, Germany; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Luis Clement Avenue, Bldg. 401 Tupper, Ancon, Panama 0843-03092, Republic of Panama.
Current biology : CB
|June 28, 2024
概括
动物的食行为,就像较小的斗牛犬蝙蝠一样,受到食物可用性的强烈影响. 蝙蝠必须飞得更远,在昆虫猎物稀少和短暂时,特别是雨季,它们必须飞得更远,食时间更长.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 动物的食是由食物分配和可用性决定的,但空间时间量化仍然很少.
- 短暂和聚集的食物来源带来了挑战,要求有效的食策略和可适应的移动模式.
研究的目的:
- 量化昆虫猎物可用性的季节性变化.
- 为了测试食物分配对蝙蝠移动模式的影响.
- 了解环境变化如何影响食行为.
主要方法:
- 新热带较小的斗牛犬蝙蝠 (Noctilio albiventris) 的GPS跟踪.
- 使用浮动摄像机陷跨季度量化夜间昆虫的分布.
- 分析蝙蝠的移动数据 (距离,持续时间) 和食斗结构.
主要成果:
- 昆虫的数量减少了75%,在雨季,昆虫群的寿命缩短了60%.
- 雨季蝙蝠每晚飞的距离是雨季蝙蝠的两倍,飞的时间长达45%.
- 蝙蝠在湿季花费更少的时间在斑块上,在雨季更长时间寻找猎物,这表明食力度增加.
结论:
- 蝙蝠的食努力与猎物的时空分布密切相关.
- 行为灵活性对于适应动态资源环境至关重要.
- 了解这些动态有助于预测动物对环境变化的反应.
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