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相关概念视频

The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
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Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

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Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
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相关实验视频

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Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation
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复杂的原发性甲状腺功能障碍症:遗传性和复发性疾病

Sanjana Balachandra1, Jessica Fazendin1, Herbert Chen1

  • 1Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1808 7th Avenue South, Suite 505, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

The Surgical clinics of North America
|June 29, 2024
PubMed
概括

初级甲状腺功能障碍症手术非常成功,但对于持续性或复发性疾病的重新手术具有挑战性. 放射导航性副甲状腺切除术为这些复杂的病例提供了安全有效的解决方案.

关键词:
家庭性副甲状腺功能障碍症.持久性副甲状腺功能障碍症 持续性副甲状腺功能障碍症主要的副甲状腺功能障碍症.经常出现的副甲状腺功能障碍.重复手术性甲状腺切除术 (Reoperative parathyroidectomy) 是一种治疗方式.

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科学领域:

  • 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
  • 手术瘤学手术瘤学
  • 遗传学 遗传学 是一个

背景情况:

  • 原发性偏甲状腺症 (PHPT) 通常是零星的,但可能与 MEN1 或 HPT-JT 等遗传综合征有关.
  • 遗传性PHPT的准确诊断依赖于详细的病史和体检.
  • 虽然副甲状腺切除术为大多数患者提供治愈 (>95%的成功率),但持续或复发的疾病需要重新手术.

研究的目的:

  • 评估放射引导性副甲状腺切除术在患有遗传性副甲状腺功能障碍或需要再手术的患者中的安全性和有效性.
  • 突出重复手术性副甲状腺切除术所带来的挑战以及专门手术护理的重要性.

主要方法:

  • 审查涉及遗传性甲状腺功能障碍症或需要重新手术的复发性/持久性疾病患者的病例.
  • 在副甲状腺切除术期间应用射线引导定位技术.
  • 强调彻底的手术前评估,包括对初始手术记录的审查,以及经验丰富的手术管理.

主要成果:

  • 重复手术副甲状腺切除术带来了重大的技术挑战,特别是局部化受影响的副甲状腺腺.
  • 放射导向副甲状腺切除术在遗传性PHPT患者和接受重新手术的患者中显示出安全有效的结果.
  • 需要大量的外科医生和精心的手术前规划对于成功的再手术手术至关重要.

结论:

  • 放射导向副甲状腺切除术是管理原发性副甲状腺功能障碍症复杂病例的宝贵工具,包括遗传形式和复发性疾病.
  • 成功的重新手术需要仔细选择患者,彻底的手术前评估和经验丰富的手术干预.
  • 这种技术增强了局部化和去除异常副甲状腺组织的能力,在具有挑战性的再手术场景中改善了结果.