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已经灭绝的欧洲野驴 (Equus hemionus hydruntinus) 的第一个完整基因组

Mustafa Özkan¹, Kanat Gürün¹, Eren Yüncü¹

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.

Molecular ecology

|July 1, 2024

概括

测序的古代安纳托利亚马匹揭示了已灭绝的欧洲野生驴,Equus hydruntinus的最新已知的幸存者. 这些发现表明,更晚的灭绝日期和潜在的基因流与中东野生驴.

科学领域:

古遗传学是古遗传学的一部分.
古代DNA分析古代DNA分析
进化生物学进化生物学

背景情况:

从形态上来说,未识别的马匹遗骸从亚纳托利亚追溯到公元前第一个千年的时间被分析.
关于已灭绝的欧洲野驴 (Equus hydruntinus) 的以前记录主要来自动物园的考古证据.
了解已灭绝的马类物种的进化历史和灭绝模式至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了在遗传上表征古代的亚纳托利亚马匹.
确定这些个体的分类学地位和进化关系.
为了确定最新已知的生存日期和Equus hydruntinus的潜在地理范围.

主要方法:

三种安纳托利亚等马类古遗传基因组的全基因组测序.
线粒体DNA的哈普类型分析.
与现存和已灭绝的马匹血统进行比较基因组分析.

主要成果:

亚纳托利亚人的线粒体DNA与Equus hydruntinus聚集在一起.
整个基因组形状与其他亚洲野生驴 (Equus hemionus) 血统不同.
这些代表了已知的最新的水龙,大约在最后一个动物园考古证据之后1000年.
在Equus hemionus血统中,Equus hydruntinus形成了一个类,辐射0.60.8 Mya.
发现了水龙和中东野驴之间最近基因流动的证据.
亚纳托利亚野生驴种群的遗传多样性减少,这表明它们正在下降.

结论:

亚纳托利亚的马匹被确定为Equus hydruntinus,延长了他们已知的生存到公元前第一千年.
这项研究完善了欧洲野生驴的灭绝时间表和地理分布.
遗传数据表明潜在的杂交和可能的人口下降后期存活的水龙.

关键词:

埃克斯 (Equus hemionus) 是一个水的动物.亚洲野生驴的亚洲野生驴.古老的 DNA DNA 的 DNA.人口学人口学人口学人口遗传学人口遗传学分类学分类学.

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