在男性短跑运动员中,异常超负荷训练与不同负荷剂量的急性影响
Yuhang Liu1, Junjie Zhang2, Zhongzhong Hu3
1China Athletics College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Heliyon
|July 1, 2024
概括
高强度半 (HHS) 训练在较低剂量下改善了肌肉爆炸性,而飞轮特异性过载 (FEOL) 和特异性 (EH) 在男性短跑运动员的较高剂量下更有效.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 肌肉爆炸性对于冲刺表现至关重要.
- 了解不同训练模式的急性影响对于优化运动员准备至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究两剂飞轮异常超负荷 (FEOL),异常 (EH) 和高强度半 (HHS) 对男性短跑运动员肌肉爆炸性的直接影响.
- 为了比较不同训练方法和剂量对跳跃性能和冲刺时间的有效性.
主要方法:
- 21名亚精英男子短跑者被分为三个组 (FEOL,EH,HHS).
- 干预包括FEOL,EH和HHS的两个剂量 (D1,D2).
- 测量包括反运动跳跃 (CMJ),式跳跃 (SJ),站长跳跃 (SLJ) 高度,相对峰值功率和30米冲刺时间,评估干预前后.
主要成果:
- 在D1时,HHS显著改善了CMJ,SJ高度和相对峰值功率 (p <0.05).
- 在D2时,FEOL和EH显著增强了CMJ,SJ高度和相对峰值功率 (p < 0.01),而HHS显示了这些指标下降的趋势 (p < 0.05).
- 在D2的FEOL和EH在CMJ和峰值功率中产生了优异的结果,与D1的HHS相比 (p <0.05).
结论:
- 在D1的HHS和D2的FEOL和EH有效地提高了30米冲刺,CMJ和SJ测试中亚精英运动员的表现.
- 在CMJ测试中,FEOL表现出比EH更大的急性增强效应.
- 训练方式和剂量显著影响肌肉爆炸性的急性变化.
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