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更新潜在的自我效能信念关于心脏中断在厌食症的神经:一个实验和计算研究
Alkistis Saramandi1, Laura Crucianelli1,2, Athanasios Koukoutsakis1
1Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, UK.
Computational psychiatry (Cambridge, Mass.)
|July 1, 2024
概括
患有神经性厌食症 (AN) 的患者表现出悲观的自我效能信念,对他们的身体状况. 这些信念抗拒更新,是由对表现反的先前信念所驱动的,并且与负面情绪有关.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 饮食障碍研究 饮食障碍研究
背景情况:
- 神经性厌食症 (AN) 与关于身体调节和整体感知的不适应性信念有关.
- 以前的研究集中在感知信念上,而超认知自我效能信念仍然不太了解.
- 了解信念更新机制对于AN治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查急性和后急性神经性厌食症 (AN) 的妇女的自我有效性信念形成和更新.
- 通过心跳计数任务,比较AN患者与健康对照者的信念更新.
- 探索认知灵活性和情绪对AN信念更新的影响.
主要方法:
- 两项实验评估了关于心跳计数能力的回顾性和前性自我有效性信念.
- 参与者包括急性AN (N=86),后急性AN (N=87) 和健康对照 (N=180) 的妇女.
- 计算贝叶斯学习模型被用来分析信念更新机制.
主要成果:
- 尽管AN患者的整体感知准确性相似,但在表演后仍然抱有悲观的自我效能信念.
- AN患者的学习率较低,更多地依赖于先前的信念而不是预测错误.
- 悲观的信念和低于最佳的更新不是通过认知灵活性来解释的,而是通过负面的情绪并发症来解释的.
结论:
- 神经性厌食症患者表现出持久的,悲观的元认知自我效能信念,抵抗更新.
- 在AN中受损的信念更新的特点是性能反的影响减少.
- 负面情绪似乎是影响这些信念缺陷的重要因素,即使是急性疾病后.
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