构成独特的线粒体在 filopodia 支持细胞迁移.
Madeleine Marlar-Pavey1, Daniel Tapias-Gomez1, Marcel Mettlen1
1Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|July 1, 2024
概括
线粒体可以专门,独特的外围线粒体 (METEORs) 支持细胞迁移. 这些专门的线粒体,富含MICOS和MCU,运输到filopodia,增强细胞移动性.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 线粒体生物学 线粒体生物学
- 细胞移动性 细胞移动性
背景情况:
- 细胞代谢需求各不相同,需要线粒体的功能专业化.
- 线粒体专业化的程度和它们在细胞迁移中的作用仍然在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 研究线粒体的亚细胞分布和功能专业化.
- 识别新型线粒体亚群及其在细胞迁移中的作用.
主要方法:
- 亚细胞分离和免疫光显微镜分析MICOS分布.
- 线粒体DNA (mtDNA) 和矩阵蛋白质含量分析.
- 单载体 (MCU) 和肌肉素MYO19.9的表达分析.
- 活细胞成像的线粒体贩运到filopodia.
- 在线粒体操纵时评估细胞运动性的功能测试.
主要成果:
- 发现了一种新的外围线粒体亚群,称为METEORs (细胞外围丰富的线粒体).
- METEORs的特点是MICOS的丰富,mtDNA和矩阵蛋白质的枯竭,以及高的MCU水平.
- METEORs与髓MYO19和向filopodia的流量有关.
- 在filopodia中METEORs的存在与filopodia长度正相关.
- 从filopodia中消除线粒体会损害细胞迁移.
结论:
- 线粒体表现出异质性,有专门的亚群,如METEORs.
- 组成上专门的线粒体,特别是METEOR,在支持细胞迁移方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
相关概念视频
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation
2.3K
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
2.3K
Role of Myosin in Cell Migration
2.3K
Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
Myosin II is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction....
Myosin II is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction....
2.3K
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation
2.5K
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
2.5K
Cell Migration
17.0K
Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
17.0K
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration
4.7K
A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
4.7K
Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility
5.2K
Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate....
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate....
5.2K


