法国海员的攻击,心理暴力和性骚扰
Leticia Sanz-Trepiana1, Emmanuelle Bost2, Camille Jégo3,4
1DIRM SA/SSGM Bordeaux Antenne Ciboure, France.
International maritime health
|July 1, 2024
概括
在过去的一年中,四分之一的海员经历了工作场所的攻击,女性不成比例地受到口头,身体和性骚扰的影响. 改善沟通和对报告程序的认识对于海事行业的预防至关重要.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 海上安全的航行.
- 工作场所暴力 研究 研究
背景情况:
- 海事行业是一个具有挑战性的工作环境,具有高水平的物理需求和职业暴露的潜力.
- 海员面临口头和身体攻击,羞辱和性骚扰的风险,女性报告的虐待率特别高.
- 每年对航行适应性的医疗评估为监测海员健康和福祉提供了关键的机会.
研究的目的:
- 调查海员工作场所攻击的普遍性,包括口头,身体和性骚扰.
- 确定海事部门在工作场所暴力和侵略的经验中存在的性别差异.
- 评估海员对报告和处理工作场所攻击行为的程序的认识.
主要方法:
- 一项追溯观察性研究,涉及788名成年海员,每年进行航行适应性评估.
- 通过自我问卷收集数据,其中包含健康状况,工作满意度,侵略性和创伤后压力等经过验证的工具.
- 数据收集的纳入期为四个月 (2023年1月至4月).
主要成果:
- 24.5%的海员报告在过去12个月中经历了口头攻击,41.0%的女性受到了影响,而男性的比例为21.1%.
- 3.2%的海员报告身体攻击,女性 (5.8%) 的发病率高于男性 (2.6%).
- 在过去12个月中,20%的海员报告性骚扰,女性在整个职业生涯中的性骚扰率 (65.5%) 比男性 (38.2%) 高得多.
结论:
- 工作场所的攻击,包括口头和身体攻击,影响了海员人口的很大一部分,超过了全球平均水平.
- 女海员不成比例地容易受到各种形式的职场攻击,包括性骚扰.
- 加强信息传播和改善海员和船东之间的沟通道对于有效预防和应对工作场所攻击至关重要.
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