巴考 (罗马尼亚) 石灰堆作为放射性威胁的来源:一个案例研究
Ana-Maria Blebea-Apostu1, Mariana Claudia Gomoiu1, Romul Mircea Mărgineanu1,2
1Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Magurele, Romania.
Isotopes in environmental and health studies
|July 1, 2024
概括
这项研究描述了罗马尼亚的石堆,发现空气中高剂量率和高度的-226. 分析显示石膏是主要成分,含有微量矿物和类似于上大陆地的元素.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 放射化学 放射化学是指辐射化学.
- 地质化学 地质化学
背景情况:
- 石 (PG) 是一个主要的工业副产品,具有潜在的环境影响.
- 对PG堆的表征对于评估放射性风险和了解材料组成至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了对罗马尼亚巴卡乌附近的大型石膏堆进行详细的描述.
- 测量空气剂量速率并分析PG材料的元素和矿物成分.
主要方法:
- 在堆表面的72个点上测量空气剂量速率 (ADR).
- 使用高分辨率马射线光谱学 (HRGS) 进行放射性分析.
- 使用X射线衍射 (XRD),FTIR,XRF,SEM和EDX进行矿物学和元素分析.
主要成果:
- ADR值在364±53至489±8nSv/h之间,极端值高达2775±734nSv/h,明显超过罗马尼亚的平均值.
- -226 (226Ra) 被确定为主要的放射性元素,在热点中具有高达5278±264 Bq/kg的特异性活动.
- 石膏是主要组成部分,还有微量布鲁希特,阿尔代利特和天石. 主要和微量元素的组成通常与文献数据和上大陆地相一致.
结论:
- 石堆表现出显著升高的辐射水平,这是由于高度的226Ra.
- 材料成分主要是石膏,矿物质变化较小,微量元素与上部大陆地相似.
- 需要进一步调查,以评估这种PG堆对环境和健康的影响.
相关概念视频
Nuclear Power
7.7K
Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
7.7K
Biological Effects of Radiation
15.4K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
15.4K
The Phosphorus Cycle
36.7K
Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.
36.7K
Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy
105
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
Fundamental Principles of PET
105
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan
91
Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
91
Nuclear Transmutation
17.5K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
17.5K


