在自闭症中,对社会相关刺激的感官过度反应和非典型的神经反应
A Than1, G Patterson2, K K Cummings3
1Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的青少年对社会与非社会厌恶刺激的神经歧视有所减少. 在自闭症中,感官过度反应与对社会刺激的感官运动反应加剧有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 厌恶性感官反应在自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中很常见.
- 社会相关性对处理ASD中厌恶性感官输入的影响尚未得到充分理解.
- 感官处理差异是自闭症的一个核心特征,影响社会互动.
研究的目的:
- 调查与没有自闭症的青少年对厌恶的非社会和社会感官刺激的神经反应.
- 检查感官过度反应 (SOR) 严重程度与这些神经反应的关系.
- 确定社会相关性是否影响ASD中厌恶感官信息的处理.
主要方法:
- 功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于测量大脑活动.
- 参与者包括21名患有自闭症的青少年和25名典型发育 (TD) 的青少年 (年龄为8.6-18.0).
- 呈现了轻度厌恶的非社会和社会感官刺激.
主要成果:
- TD青少年在杏仁体和轨道前皮层 (OFC) 中对社会相关的不相关的厌恶刺激进行了歧视.
- 患有自闭症的青少年在杏仁体和OFC中对社会与非社会刺激的歧视减少.
- 患有自闭症的青少年对非社会刺激表现出更大的神经反应,而不是社会刺激;较高的SOR与对社会刺激的感觉运动反应的提高有关.
结论:
- 与TD年轻人相比,ASD年轻人表现出与TD年轻人相比,对厌恶感官输入的社会相关性进行区分的能力下降.
- 这表明,患有自闭症的人可能会优先考虑厌恶程度,而不是感官刺激的社会背景.
- 研究结果突出了自闭症患者感官和社会处理之间的复杂相互作用,特别是在SOR较高的人群中.
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