微卫星不稳定性,瘤突变负担和对前列腺癌患者免疫检查点阻塞的反应
Andrew T Lenis1, Vignesh Ravichandran2, Samantha Brown3
1Urology Section, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
概括
微卫星不稳定性高/不匹配修复缺陷 (MSI-H/dMMR) 的前列腺癌表现出更高的瘤突变负担,并且对免疫检查点阻塞 (ICB) 的反应更好,而不是高TMB/微卫星稳定性 (TMB-H/MSS) 的前列腺癌. 这些基因组差异可能会导致对ICB治疗的持续反应.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
背景情况:
- 患有MSI-H/dMMR和TMB-H的前列腺癌患者是 pembrolizumab 的候选人.
- 鉴定MSI-H/dMMR和TMB-H/MSS前列腺癌的基因组特征和临床结果对于了解治疗反应至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定MSI-H/dMMR和TMB-H/MSS前列腺癌患者的基因组特征,临床过程和对免疫检查点阻塞 (ICB) 的反应.
主要方法:
- 从2,257名患者中测序了3,244个前列腺瘤.
- 定义的MSI-H/dMMR (MSI传感器得分≥10或≥3与MMR改变) 和TMB-H (≥10突变/兆基).
- 评估PSA50和RECIST反应;使用日志等级测试比较整体生存率和放射性无进展生存率 (rPFS).
主要成果:
- 确定了63 (2.8%) 的MSI-H/dMMR和33 (1.5%) 的TMB-H/MSS前列腺癌.
- MSI-H/dMMR和TMB-H/MSS瘤更频繁地呈现出高度和转移性疾病.
- 与TMB-H/MSS相比,MSI-H/dMMR瘤表现出更高的TMB,indel和新抗原负担.
- 45%的MSI-H/dMMR患者有RECIST反应;65%的患者有PSA50反应.
- 50%的TMB-H/MSS患者有PSA50反应,没有RECIST反应.
- 与TMB-H/MSS患者相比,接受免疫治疗的MSI-H/dMMR患者的RPFS时间更长.
结论:
- 与TMB-H/MSS前列腺癌相比,MSI-H/dMMR前列腺癌具有更大的TMB,indel和新抗原负担.
- 这些基因组区别可能有助于对ICB产生深刻而持久的反应.
- 对这些差异的进一步调查可以优化前列腺癌的免疫治疗策略.
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