在COVID-19后的医疗保健工作者中长期嗅觉障碍的高患病率:一个病例控制研究
Johannes Frasnelli1,2, Arnaud Tognetti1,3, Anja L Winter1
1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
PloS one
|July 1, 2024
概括
许多医疗保健工作者在COVID-19后经历了持续的嗅觉功能障碍,65%的人报告感染后15个月的帕罗斯米亚/低. 这突显了由于病毒导致的嗅觉功能障碍患病率的显著增加.
科学领域:
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 嗅觉功能障碍是COVID-19的常见后果,在急性感染后持续很长时间.
- 预先存在的嗅觉功能障碍率需要在评估COVID-19后的嗅觉缺陷时仔细考虑.
- 医疗保健工作者是COVID-19和随后的嗅觉障碍的高风险组.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定COVID-19感染后卫生保健工作者嗅觉功能障碍的调整流行率.
- 为了将COVID-19幸存者的嗅觉功能与以前没有接触过SARS-CoV-2的对照组进行比较.
- 调查COVID-19后嗅觉症状的长期持久性,例如COVID-19后的鼻.
主要方法:
- 心理物理测试被用来评估COVID-19的医护人员的嗅觉功能.
- SARS-CoV-2 IgG抗体测试用于持续监测参与者.
- 包括SARS-CoV-2IgG-naive个体的对照组,以确定基线嗅觉功能障碍率.
主要成果:
- 在COVID-19后的15个月内,37%的医疗保健工作者表现出嗅觉敏感度下降,而对照组只有20%.
- 51%的COVID-19幸存者报告了定性嗅觉症状,而对照组的5%是如此.
- 在2.6年的随访中,24%的康复个体仍然经历了帕罗斯米亚.
结论:
- 与基线相比,COVID-19显著增加了嗅觉功能障碍的患病率,比基线增加了41个百分点.
- 很大一部分人,特别是医疗保健工作者,在感染后15个月经历持续的/低.
- 在许多人中,COVID-19后的长期嗅觉缺陷可能无法完全逆转.
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